Güzin Yiğithan, Dağdaş Safa Mete, Sarıkaya Uzan Gamze, Baykan Mügen, Gençpınar Pınar, Baydan Figen, Özyılmaz Berk, Doğan Gizem, Kasap Demir Belde, Olgaç Dündar Nihal
Department of Pediatric Neurology, Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Izmir, Türkiye.
Department of Pediatric Neurology, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Türkiye.
Neuropediatrics. 2025 Jun;56(3):194-199. doi: 10.1055/a-2509-0278. Epub 2025 Jan 14.
Familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of fever and serositis, caused by mutations in the gene. Inflammatory pathways associated with FMF are linked to increased proinflammatory cytokines, which may be related to primary headaches, including migraine. The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency of migraine and other primary headaches in FMF patients.
In this retrospective study, the medical records of FMF patients were analyzed. Demographic data, gene mutations, and headache histories were collected. The frequency of migraine was compared among patients with these mutations, and statistical analyses were conducted.
The study included 148 FMF patients, comprising 56.1% females and 43.9% males, with a mean age of 11.3 ± 3.7 years. A family history of FMF was reported in 77.7% of patients, and 35.8% had a family history of migraine. Headaches were reported in 52.7% of patients: 24.3% non-specific, 15.5% tension-type, and 12.8% migraine. Of those with migraine, 8.1% had migraine with aura, and 4.7% without aura. Headaches were more frequently frontal in patients under 12 years of age and temporal in those aged ≥12 years ( = 0.011). The most common genetic mutations were M694V heterozygous and homozygous, with M694V and E148Q mutations linked to more frequent migraines, although not statistically significant.
FMF patients should be screened for primary headaches, particularly migraine. The high frequency of migraine observed in this study suggests that clinicians should particularly consider migraine as a diagnosis in headache episodes experienced by FMF patients.
家族性地中海热（FMF）是一种常染色体隐性疾病，其特征为发热和浆膜炎反复发作，由该基因的突变引起。与FMF相关的炎症途径与促炎细胞因子增加有关，这可能与包括偏头痛在内的原发性头痛有关。本研究的目的是评估FMF患者中偏头痛和其他原发性头痛的发生率。
在这项回顾性研究中，对FMF患者的病历进行了分析。收集了人口统计学数据、基因 突变和头痛病史。比较了这些突变患者中偏头痛的发生率，并进行了统计分析。
该研究纳入了148例FMF患者，其中女性占56.1%，男性占43.9%，平均年龄为11.3±3.7岁。77.7%的患者有FMF家族史，35.8%有偏头痛家族史。52.7%的患者报告有头痛：24.3%为非特异性头痛，15.5%为紧张型头痛，12.8%为偏头痛。在偏头痛患者中，8.1%有先兆偏头痛，4.7%无先兆偏头痛。12岁以下患者的头痛多为额部头痛，≥12岁患者的头痛多为颞部头痛（P = 0.011）。最常见的基因突变是M694V杂合子和纯合子，M694V和E148Q突变与更频繁的偏头痛有关，尽管无统计学意义。
FMF患者应筛查原发性头痛，尤其是偏头痛。本研究中观察到的偏头痛高发生率表明，临床医生在FMF患者经历的头痛发作中应特别考虑偏头痛的诊断。
