Yasin Nanang Munif, Kurniawati Fivy, Ridhayani Firda
Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
Explor Res Clin Soc Pharm. 2024 Dec 16;17:100554. doi: 10.1016/j.rcsop.2024.100554. eCollection 2025 Mar.
The primary goals of Medication Therapy Management (MTM) are to avoid pharmaceutical mistakes, facilitate accessible therapy, and encourage patients to actively participate in their health management.
This study aimed to determine patients' perceptions of MTM services, evaluate the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of Community Health Center (CHC) pharmacists regarding MTM services, and develop strategies to improve MTM services in CHCs.
A mixed-method approach was designed in three parts. First, a study was conducted with diabetic or hypertensive patients at CHCs around Yogyakarta to assess their perceptions of MTM elements and benefits. Second, a survey was conducted among CHC pharmacists to determine their KAP concerning MTM and the current service provided. In the third part, findings from the second stage were used to establish appropriate MTM services for CHCs through focus group discussions (FGDs) and to explore obstacles to implementation. Qualitative data were analyzed using inductive content analysis.
Among 117 patient participants, over 60.0 % perceived positive benefits from five elements of MTM. Among 37 pharmacist participants, 19 (51.4 %) of them did not understand MTM concepts, with 14 (37.9 %) pharmacists demonstrating a low level of knowledge. Nearly all pharmacists held a positive attitude towards MTM. Time constraints were identified as barriers to MTM implementation. Based on the FGD with 24 pharmacists, three main themes and ten sub-themes were identified.
MTM services have not been fully implemented by pharmacists at CHCs. Future implementation of MTM is expected to be more adaptive to the CHCs condition, integrated with existing systems, standardized in terms of procedures and facilities.
药物治疗管理（MTM）的主要目标是避免用药错误、促进可及的治疗，并鼓励患者积极参与自身健康管理。
本研究旨在确定患者对MTM服务的看法，评估社区卫生中心（CHC）药剂师对MTM服务的知识、态度和实践（KAP），并制定改善CHC中MTM服务的策略。
采用混合方法，分为三个部分。首先，对爪哇加达周边CHC的糖尿病或高血压患者进行研究，以评估他们对MTM要素和益处的看法。其次，对CHC药剂师进行调查，以确定他们对MTM及当前所提供服务的KAP。在第三部分中，利用第二阶段的研究结果，通过焦点小组讨论（FGD）为CHC建立适当的MTM服务，并探讨实施过程中的障碍。定性数据采用归纳性内容分析法进行分析。
在117名患者参与者中，超过60.0%的人认为MTM的五个要素带来了积极益处。在37名药剂师参与者中，19人（51.4%）不理解MTM概念，14名药剂师（37.9%）知识水平较低。几乎所有药剂师对MTM持积极态度。时间限制被确定为MTM实施的障碍。基于与24名药剂师的FGD，确定了三个主要主题和十个子主题。
CHC的药剂师尚未全面实施MTM服务。预计未来MTM的实施将更适应CHC的情况，与现有系统整合，在程序和设施方面实现标准化。
