Koolivand Zahra, Bahreini Farbod, Rayzan Elham, Rezaei Nima
Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran Medical Sciences University (IAUTMU), Tehran, Iran.
International Hematology/Oncology of Pediatrics Experts (IHOPE), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran.
Heliyon. 2024 Dec 19;11(1):e41355. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e41355. eCollection 2025 Jan 15.
Acute myeloid leukemia is the expansion of leukemic stem cells which might originate from a stem cell or a progenitor which has acquired self-renewal capacity. An aggregation of leukemic blasts in bone marrow, peripheral blood, and extramedullary tissue will result in acute myeloid leukemia. The main difficulty in treating acute myeloid leukemia is multidrug resistance, leading to treatment failure. This unfortunate phenomenon is practically elevated because of apoptosis inhibition in tumor cells. Two general apoptotic pathways are the Bcl-2 regulated pathway (the intrinsic pathway) and the death receptor pathway. Deficiencies in each of these apoptotic pathways can cause the usual resistance mechanism in this disease. This article reviews and highlights different antiapoptotic pathways, currently-used treatments, and new findings in this field, which may lead to the development of treatment methods for acute myeloid leukemia.
急性髓系白血病是白血病干细胞的扩增，这些干细胞可能起源于获得自我更新能力的干细胞或祖细胞。骨髓、外周血和髓外组织中白血病原始细胞的聚集会导致急性髓系白血病。治疗急性髓系白血病的主要困难是多药耐药，这会导致治疗失败。由于肿瘤细胞中的细胞凋亡受到抑制，这种不幸的现象实际上有所加剧。两种常见的细胞凋亡途径是Bcl-2调节途径（内在途径）和死亡受体途径。这些细胞凋亡途径中的每一种缺陷都可能导致该疾病常见的耐药机制。本文综述并强调了不同的抗细胞凋亡途径、目前使用的治疗方法以及该领域的新发现，这些可能会推动急性髓系白血病治疗方法的发展。
