Wild Kristoffer H, Huey Raymond B, Pianka Eric R, Clusella-Trullas Susana, Gilbert Anthony L, Miles Donald B, Kearney Michael R
School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
Science. 2025 Jan 17;387(6731):303-309. doi: 10.1126/science.adq4372. Epub 2025 Jan 16.
Climate warming can induce a cost-of-living "squeeze" in ectotherms by increasing energetic expenditures while reducing foraging gains. We used biophysical models (validated by 2685 field observations) to test this hypothesis for 10 ecologically diverse lizards in African and Australian deserts. Historical warming (1950-2020) has been more intense in Africa than in Australia, translating to an energetic squeeze for African diurnal species. Although no net impact on Australian diurnal species was observed, warming generated an energetic "relief" (by increasing foraging time) for nocturnal species. Future warming impacts will be more severe in Africa than in Australia, requiring increased rates of food intake (+10% per hour active for diurnal species). The effects of climate warming on desert lizard energy budgets will thus be species-specific but potentially predictable.
气候变暖会通过增加能量消耗同时减少觅食收益，导致变温动物的生活成本“压缩”。我们使用生物物理模型（通过2685次实地观测验证），对非洲和澳大利亚沙漠中10种生态多样的蜥蜴检验了这一假设。1950年至2020年期间，非洲的历史变暖比澳大利亚更为强烈，这对非洲昼行性物种造成了能量压缩。虽然未观察到对澳大利亚昼行性物种有净影响，但变暖为夜行性物种带来了能量“缓解”（通过增加觅食时间）。未来变暖对非洲的影响将比澳大利亚更为严重，这要求食物摄入率提高（昼行性物种每活跃小时增加10%）。因此，气候变暖对沙漠蜥蜴能量预算的影响将因物种而异，但可能具有可预测性。
