Zhao Haonan, Zheng Xiaojie, Lin Guo, Wang Xiaomin, Lu Huiyuan, Xie Pengpeng, Jia Siqi, Shang Yiyang, Wang Yan, Bai Pengchu, Zhang Xuan, Tang Ning, Qi Xingshun
Department of Gastroenterology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command (Teaching Hospital of Shenyang Pharmaceutical University), Shenyang, 110840, China.
Department of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutis, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China.
BMC Public Health. 2025 Jan 16;25(1):183. doi: 10.1186/s12889-024-21257-3.
Air pollution, especially particulate matter (PM), is one of the most common risk factors for global burden of disease. However, its effect on the risk of digestive diseases is unclear. Herein, we attempt to explore this issue by reviewing the existing evidence from published meta-analyses. We conducted a systematic literature search to identify all relevant meta-analyses regarding the association of air pollution with digestive diseases, and summarize their major findings. We assessed the methodological quality and evidence quality of the included meta-analyses using the AMSTAR-2 and GRADE tools, respectively, and the overlap of primary studies was assessed by the GROOVE tool. Nine meta-analyses were included in our analysis, containing 43 primary studies with high overlap. In the included meta-analyses, the methodological quality was from critically low to moderate, and the evidence quality was from very low to moderate. The exposure was primarily PM. Seven, four, and one meta-analysis investigated the effect of air pollution on liver diseases, gastrointestinal diseases, and pancreatic diseases, respectively. PM exposure was significantly associated with liver dysfunction, chronic liver diseases, liver cancer, and colorectal cancer, but not oesophagus cancer, gastric cancer, or pancreatic cancer. Based on very low to moderate quality evidence from meta-analyses, PM exposure may contribute to the development of some digestive diseases, especially liver diseases.
空气污染，尤其是颗粒物（PM），是全球疾病负担最常见的风险因素之一。然而，其对消化系统疾病风险的影响尚不清楚。在此，我们试图通过回顾已发表的荟萃分析中的现有证据来探讨这个问题。我们进行了系统的文献检索，以识别所有关于空气污染与消化系统疾病关联的相关荟萃分析，并总结其主要发现。我们分别使用AMSTAR-2和GRADE工具评估纳入的荟萃分析的方法学质量和证据质量，并通过GROOVE工具评估原始研究的重叠情况。我们的分析纳入了9项荟萃分析，包含43项重叠度高的原始研究。在纳入的荟萃分析中，方法学质量从极低到中等，证据质量从极低到中等。暴露主要为PM。七项、四项和一项荟萃分析分别研究了空气污染对肝脏疾病、胃肠道疾病和胰腺疾病的影响。PM暴露与肝功能障碍、慢性肝病、肝癌和结直肠癌显著相关，但与食管癌、胃癌或胰腺癌无关。基于荟萃分析中极低到中等质量的证据，PM暴露可能会促进某些消化系统疾病的发展，尤其是肝脏疾病。
