Jünger Anja L, Lasecke Meagan, Foland-Ross Lara C, Jordan Tracy L, Sundstrom Jamie L, Wun Vanessa Lozano, Witkin Gregory A, Ikomi Chijioke, Ross Judith, Reiss Allan L
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Center for Interdisciplinary Brain Sciences Research, Stanford University, Stanford, CA.
Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN.
J Dev Behav Pediatr. 2025;46(2):e216-e222. doi: 10.1097/DBP.0000000000001335. Epub 2025 Jan 9.
Klinefelter syndrome (KS) is a common genetic condition in males associated with an extra X chromosome (i.e., 47,XXY). Individuals with KS often experience androgen insufficiency and tall stature and are at increased risk for depression, anxiety, and social challenges. This cross-sectional study investigates social and emotional functions in 52 boys with KS and 62 typically developing (TD) boys, aged 8 to 13 years.
Self-report measures of anxiety, depression, and behavior and parent-report measures of social functioning and behavior were completed. In primary analyses, linear regression was used to test the effect of group (KS, TD) on standardized scores derived from widely used rating scales. In secondary analyses, we explored the influence of pubertal status on these scores and concordance between self- and parent ratings.
Our results indicate that boys with KS exhibit significantly increased anxiety, depression, and social difficulties relative to TD peers. Among participants with KS, peripubertal boys generally experienced more difficulties in aspects of social and emotional functioning as compared to prepubertal boys. Concordance analyses revealed differences between parent- and child-reports.
These findings indicate that alterations in social, emotional, and behavioral functions are present in boys and adolescents with KS and may be influenced by puberty.
克兰费尔特综合征（KS）是男性中一种常见的遗传性疾病，与额外的一条X染色体相关（即47,XXY）。KS患者常出现雄激素不足和身材高大的情况，且患抑郁症、焦虑症以及面临社交挑战的风险增加。这项横断面研究调查了52名年龄在8至13岁的KS男孩和62名发育正常（TD）男孩的社交和情感功能。
完成了焦虑、抑郁和行为的自我报告测量以及社交功能和行为的家长报告测量。在主要分析中，使用线性回归来检验组别（KS、TD）对源自广泛使用的评定量表的标准化分数的影响。在次要分析中，我们探讨了青春期状态对这些分数的影响以及自我评定与家长评定之间的一致性。
我们的结果表明，与TD同龄人相比，KS男孩表现出明显更高的焦虑、抑郁和社交困难。在KS参与者中，与青春期前男孩相比，青春期前后的男孩在社交和情感功能方面通常经历更多困难。一致性分析揭示了家长报告与儿童报告之间的差异。
这些发现表明，KS男孩和青少年存在社交、情感和行为功能的改变，且可能受青春期影响。
