Yang Hu-Bo, Lu Ding-Ci, Shu Min, Li Juan, Ma Zhaowu
School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei 434023, China.
Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China.
Int Immunopharmacol. 2025 Feb 20;148:114049. doi: 10.1016/j.intimp.2025.114049. Epub 2025 Jan 16.
Exosomes, which are small extracellular vesicles (sEVs), serve as versatile regulators of intercellular communication in the progression of various diseases, including neurological disorders. Among the diverse array of cargo they carry, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) play key regulatory roles in various pathophysiological processes. Exosomal ncRNAs derived from distinct cells modulate their reciprocal crosstalk locally or remotely, thereby mediating neurological diseases. Nevertheless, the emerging role of exosomal ncRNAsin microglia-mediated phenotypes remains largely unexplored. This review aims to summarise the biological functions of exosomal ncRNAs and the molecular mechanisms that underlie their impact on microglia-mediated intercellular communication, modulating neuroinflammation and synaptic functions within the landscape of neurological disorders. Furthermore, this review comprehensively described the potential applications of exosomal ncRNAs as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers, as well as innovative therapeutic targets for the treatment of neurological diseases.
外泌体是一种小细胞外囊泡（sEVs），在包括神经疾病在内的各种疾病进展中作为细胞间通讯的多功能调节因子。在它们携带的各种货物中，非编码RNA（ncRNAs）在各种病理生理过程中发挥关键调节作用。源自不同细胞的外泌体ncRNAs在局部或远程调节它们之间的相互串扰，从而介导神经疾病。然而，外泌体ncRNAs在小胶质细胞介导的表型中的新兴作用在很大程度上仍未被探索。本综述旨在总结外泌体ncRNAs的生物学功能及其影响小胶质细胞介导的细胞间通讯、调节神经炎症和神经疾病范围内突触功能的分子机制。此外，本综述全面描述了外泌体ncRNAs作为诊断和预后生物标志物的潜在应用，以及作为神经疾病治疗的创新治疗靶点。
