Yu Hao, Zhang Mingyang, Liu Huiying, Xiao Juanjuan, Men Jianan, Cernava Tomislav, Deng Ye, Jin Decai
College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Liaoning Technical University, Fuxin 123000, China.
College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Liaoning Technical University, Fuxin 123000, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
J Hazard Mater. 2025 Apr 5;487:137243. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.137243. Epub 2025 Jan 15.
Biodegradable mulch films (BDMs) are becoming increasingly popular in agriculture and are emerging as an alternative to conventional polyethylene (PE) films. However, the intricate details surrounding the establishment and growth of microorganisms on BDMs and PE during their degradation in agricultural fields remain unclear. In this study, the succession of bacterial communities in farmland soil and the plastispheres of PE and BDMs were compared through 16S rRNA gene high-throughput sequencing and real-time PCR. The results unveiled noteworthy distinctions in bacterial community structures across different samples. Specifically, the α-diversity in the BDM plastispheres was markedly lower than in the PE plastisphere. Hydrogenophaga and Variovorax genera were abundantly present in the BDM plastisphere, whereas Mycobacterium demonstrated significant enrichment in the PE plastisphere. Functional annotations indicated high abundances of degradation-related and pathogen-related functions in both BDM and PE plastispheres. Furthermore, the BDM plastisphere exhibited lower network complexity and modularity and stronger competitive interactions than the PE plastisphere. The conducted iCAMP analysis showed that stochastic community assembly processes largely govern the PE plastisphere, while deterministic processes prevailed in BDMs and increased significantly over time. These findings shed light on different mulching materials' effects in farmland ecosystems and provide insights into potential ecological risks linked to their usage.
可生物降解地膜（BDMs）在农业中越来越受欢迎，并正在成为传统聚乙烯（PE）薄膜的替代品。然而，在农田中BDMs和PE降解过程中，围绕微生物在其上的定殖和生长的复杂细节仍不清楚。在本研究中，通过16S rRNA基因高通量测序和实时PCR比较了农田土壤以及PE和BDMs的塑料球上细菌群落的演替。结果揭示了不同样品之间细菌群落结构的显著差异。具体而言，BDM塑料球中的α多样性明显低于PE塑料球。噬氢菌属和贪噬菌属在BDM塑料球中大量存在，而分枝杆菌在PE塑料球中显著富集。功能注释表明，BDM和PE塑料球中与降解相关和与病原体相关的功能丰度都很高。此外，BDM塑料球比PE塑料球表现出更低的网络复杂性和模块性以及更强的竞争相互作用。进行的iCAMP分析表明，随机群落组装过程在很大程度上支配着PE塑料球，而确定性过程在BDMs中占主导地位，并且随着时间的推移显著增加。这些发现揭示了不同地膜材料在农田生态系统中的影响，并为与其使用相关的潜在生态风险提供了见解。
