Li Xinyang, Liang Shengjie, Li Jing, Tang Wenhui, Yu Miaoyang, Ahmed Mohammed H, Liang Shanshan, Zhang Fei, Inokoshi Masanao, Yao Chenmin, Huang Cui
State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, PR China.
Department of Dental Biomaterials, Faculty of Dentistry, Tanta University, Tanta 31511, Egypt.
J Dent. 2025 Mar;154:105580. doi: 10.1016/j.jdent.2025.105580. Epub 2025 Jan 17.
Highly translucent yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) has become more popular due to its enhanced aesthetics. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of traditional air abrasion and a new etching and cleaning agent, Multi Etchant, on the mechanical performance, optical properties, and bond strength of highly translucent zirconia.
Specimens of 6YSZ, 5YSZ, 4YSZ&5YSZ, and conventional 3YSZ were fabricated and underwent different surface treatments, including as milled, air abrasion, and Multi Etchant. The chemical, phase, and microstructural characterization of zirconia were analyzed by X-ray fluorescence, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, and optical profilometer. Furthermore, flexural strength, optical properties, and bond strength of zirconia with resin composite cement before and after three-month water storage were measured.
Highly translucent zirconia contained more c-ZrO and larger grain sizes (up to 1.85 μm), resulting in higher translucency but lower flexural strength compared to 3YSZ. Air abrasion substantially increased the flexural strength of 3YSZ and improved the bond strength of all zirconia types, with bond strength remaining stable after artificial aging. Multi Etchant did not significantly alter the mechanical or optical properties but enhanced the bond strength of UTML (6YSZ), TT-MT-ML (5YSZ), EZneer (5YSZ), and CER (3YSZ), particularly after water storage.
Yttria content variations between highly translucent and conventional zirconia affected mechanical and optical properties but not bond performance. The bonding strategy of air abrasion pretreatment can be effectively extended to highly translucent zirconia. Using an etchant containing adhesive monomer shows clinical potential, as it enhances long-term bond strength without compromising zirconia's durability.
The air abrasion parameter of 0.2 MPa for 10 s can be extended from 3YSZ to highly translucent zirconia without impairing its properties. Air abrasion improves the bond strength of highly translucent zirconia.
高透明度氧化钇稳定氧化锆（YSZ）因其美学效果增强而越来越受欢迎。本研究旨在评估传统空气喷砂处理和一种新型蚀刻清洁剂Multi Etchant对高透明度氧化锆的机械性能、光学性能和粘结强度的影响。
制备6YSZ、5YSZ、4YSZ&5YSZ和传统3YSZ的试样，并进行不同的表面处理，包括研磨、空气喷砂处理和使用Multi Etchant。通过X射线荧光光谱、X射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜和光学轮廓仪分析氧化锆的化学、相和微观结构特征。此外，还测量了氧化锆在储存三个月前后与树脂复合水门汀的弯曲强度、光学性能和粘结强度。
与3YSZ相比，高透明度氧化锆含有更多的四方相氧化锆（t-ZrO₂）且晶粒尺寸更大（可达1.85μm），导致其透明度更高但弯曲强度更低。空气喷砂处理显著提高了3YSZ的弯曲强度，并改善了所有类型氧化锆的粘结强度，人工老化后粘结强度保持稳定。Multi Etchant没有显著改变机械性能或光学性能，但增强了UTML（6YSZ）、TT-MT-ML（5YSZ）、EZneer（5YSZ）和CER（3YSZ）的粘结强度，尤其是在储存水后。
高透明度氧化锆和传统氧化锆之间氧化钇含量的变化影响了机械性能和光学性能，但不影响粘结性能。空气喷砂预处理的粘结策略可以有效地扩展到高透明度氧化锆。使用含有粘结单体的蚀刻剂具有临床潜力，因为它可以提高长期粘结强度而不损害氧化锆的耐久性。
0.2MPa持续10s的空气喷砂参数可以从3YSZ扩展到高透明度氧化锆而不损害其性能。空气喷砂提高了高透明度氧化锆的粘结强度。
