Zheng Xiaoqing, Zhang Weiguang, Cao Xuejiao, Li Yibing, Jiang Xuexian, Chen Yang, Li Yuping, Zhang Tingan
College of Materials Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China.
Key Laboratory of New Technology for Non Ferrous Metals and Materials Processing, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China.
ACS Omega. 2024 Dec 27;10(1):439-448. doi: 10.1021/acsomega.4c06641. eCollection 2025 Jan 14.
In the process of zinc hydrometallurgy, the content of fluorine in zinc sulfate solution directly affects the stripping of the zinc plate, which easily leads to the deterioration of working conditions. It not only has a serious impact on the entire zinc hydrometallurgical system but also causes huge economic losses. Especially in the process of zinc secondary resource utilization, the concentration of fluoride ions in the electrolyte exceeds the control standard of smelting enterprises, which has become a long-term technical challenge in the smelting industry. So far, no efficient and economical solution has been developed to effectively remove fluoride from a zinc sulfate solution with a high fluorine content. In view of this background, this study focuses on the application of the precipitation method, which stands out for its wide adaptability, simple operation, and cost advantages. The thermodynamic analysis of the purification and defluorination process of zinc sulfate solution was carried out, and the effects of different experimental conditions on the purification and defluorination of zinc sulfate solution were systematically explored. The results showed that when the solution was acidic, only a fluorite precipitated phase was formed in the system. In order to make the system only form a fluorite precipitated phase, the pH of the solution should be controlled below 7. Under the conditions of the molar ratio of Ca/F is 1, the reaction time is 45 min, the solution pH is 4.5, the reaction temperature is 24 °C, and the stirring speed of 900 r min , the fluorine removal rate can reach 83.19%, and the zinc loss rate is about 2%.
在锌湿法冶金过程中，硫酸锌溶液中的氟含量直接影响锌板的剥离，容易导致工作条件恶化。它不仅对整个锌湿法冶金系统有严重影响，还会造成巨大的经济损失。特别是在锌二次资源利用过程中，电解液中氟离子浓度超过冶炼企业的控制标准，这已成为冶炼行业长期面临的技术挑战。到目前为止，尚未开发出高效且经济的解决方案来有效去除高氟含量硫酸锌溶液中的氟。鉴于此背景，本研究聚焦于沉淀法的应用，该方法因其广泛的适应性、操作简单和成本优势而脱颖而出。对硫酸锌溶液净化脱氟过程进行了热力学分析，并系统地探究了不同实验条件对硫酸锌溶液净化脱氟的影响。结果表明，当溶液呈酸性时，体系中仅形成萤石沉淀相。为使体系仅形成萤石沉淀相，溶液的pH值应控制在7以下。在Ca/F摩尔比为1、反应时间为45分钟、溶液pH值为4.5、反应温度为24℃以及搅拌速度为900r/min的条件下，氟去除率可达83.19%，锌损失率约为2%。
