Nair Ananya, Patil Vathsala, Bhardwaj Isha, Singhal Deepak Kumar, Smriti Komal, Chhaparwal Yogesh, Chhaparwal Shubha, Prabhu Disha
Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India.
Department of Public Health Dentistry, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India.
Clin Cosmet Investig Dent. 2025 Jan 14;17:31-37. doi: 10.2147/CCIDE.S502528. eCollection 2025.
Thyroid hormones have a catabolic effect on bone mineral homeostasis. Hypothyroid patients have shown changes in bone mineral density with increased risk for osteoporosis and bone fractures. Radiomorphometric parameters on panoramic images are good indicators of bone mineral density. The aim of the study was to compare the radiomorphometric parameters in dental panoramic images of patients diagnosed with hypothyroidism with age- and gender-matched control populations.
Panoramic radiographs of 47 patients diagnosed with hypothyroidism were measured for radio morphometric indices like mental index (MI), The inferior panoramic mandibular index (PMI), antegonial index (AGI), gonial Index (GI) and mandibular cortical Index (MCI). The measurements were compared with age and gender matched 50 healthy controls.
The mean values of MI (3.11), PMI (0.28), and GI (1.38) were lower in hypothyroidism than in 50 healthy controls which was 3.17, 0.30 and 1.33, respectively. However, only AGI (3.14) showed statistically significant differences (p = 0.03).
This study showed radiomorphometric parameters like MI, PMI, GI and AGI are valuable indicators of bone changes in mandible of patients with systemic diseases like hypothyroidism. Although statistically significant difference was seen only in AGI compared to healthy controls. Further studies with larger samples can provide substantial data. Applying newer technologies like machine learning can also help us determine whether mandibular morphometric parameters can predict changes in bone mineral density in hypothyroid cases.
甲状腺激素对骨矿物质稳态具有分解代谢作用。甲状腺功能减退患者已出现骨矿物质密度变化，骨质疏松和骨折风险增加。全景图像上的放射形态计量学参数是骨矿物质密度的良好指标。本研究的目的是比较诊断为甲状腺功能减退的患者与年龄和性别匹配的对照人群的牙科全景图像中的放射形态计量学参数。
对47例诊断为甲状腺功能减退的患者的全景X线片测量放射形态计量学指标，如颏指数（MI）、下颌全景下指数（PMI）、下颌角前切迹指数（AGI）、下颌角指数（GI）和下颌皮质指数（MCI）。将测量结果与年龄和性别匹配的50名健康对照者进行比较。
甲状腺功能减退患者的MI（3.11）、PMI（0.28）和GI（1.38）的平均值低于50名健康对照者，后者分别为3.17、0.30和1.33。然而，只有AGI（3.14）显示出统计学上的显著差异（p = 0.03）。
本研究表明，MI、PMI、GI和AGI等放射形态计量学参数是甲状腺功能减退等全身性疾病患者下颌骨骨变化的有价值指标。尽管与健康对照者相比，仅AGI存在统计学上的显著差异。更大样本量的进一步研究可以提供大量数据。应用机器学习等新技术也可以帮助我们确定下颌形态计量学参数是否可以预测甲状腺功能减退病例中的骨矿物质密度变化。
