Liu Zhao-Zhe, Ji Fa-He, Piao Ying
Department of Oncology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China.
Front Genet. 2025 Jan 3;15:1461404. doi: 10.3389/fgene.2024.1461404. eCollection 2024.
Relationships between cellular senescence and gastrointestinal cancers have gained prominence in recent years. The currently accepted theory suggests that cellular senescence and cancer occurrence exhibit "double-edged sword" effects. Cellular senescence is related to cancer via four "meta-hallmarks" i.e., genomic instability, epigenetic alterations, chronic inflammation, and dysbiosis, along with two "antagonistic hallmarks" i.e., telomere attrition and stem cell exhaustion. These relationships are characterized by both agonistic and antagonistic elements, but the existence of an intricate dynamic balance remains unknown. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have vital roles in post-transcriptional regulation, but how they participate in agonistic and antagonistic relationships between cellular senescence and gastrointestinal cancers remains to be fully investigated. In this article, we systematically review how ncRNAs (including microRNAs (miRNAs), long ncRNAs (lncRNAs), and circularRNAs (circRNAs)) participate in interactions between cellular senescence and gastrointestinal cancers. Our aim is to elucidate a triangular relationship between "ncRNAs-senescence-gastrointestinal cancers" which considered these three elements as an equal important standing. We are keen to identify prognostic or therapeutic targets for gastrointestinal cancers from, i.e., aging-related ncRNAs, or discover novel strategies to treat and manage in the elderly. We seek to clarify complex relationships where ncRNAs participate in "senescence-gastrointestinal cancers" interactions.
近年来，细胞衰老与胃肠道癌症之间的关系备受关注。目前被广泛接受的理论认为，细胞衰老与癌症发生呈现出“双刃剑”效应。细胞衰老通过四个“元特征”，即基因组不稳定、表观遗传改变、慢性炎症和生态失调，以及两个“拮抗特征”，即端粒磨损和干细胞耗竭，与癌症相关。这些关系具有拮抗和协同两种因素，但复杂的动态平衡是否存在仍不清楚。非编码RNA（ncRNAs）在转录后调控中发挥着重要作用，但它们如何参与细胞衰老与胃肠道癌症之间的拮抗和协同关系仍有待充分研究。在本文中，我们系统地综述了ncRNAs（包括微小RNA（miRNAs）、长链非编码RNA（lncRNAs）和环状RNA（circRNAs））如何参与细胞衰老与胃肠道癌症之间的相互作用。我们的目的是阐明“ncRNAs-衰老-胃肠道癌症”之间的三角关系，将这三个因素视为同等重要的地位。我们渴望从与衰老相关的ncRNAs中识别出胃肠道癌症的预后或治疗靶点，或者发现治疗和管理老年人胃肠道癌症的新策略。我们试图阐明ncRNAs参与“衰老-胃肠道癌症”相互作用的复杂关系。
