Tamášová Margaréta, Macejová Želmíra, Dorko Erik, Timková Silvia, Rimárová Kvetoslava, Diabelková Jana
First Department of Stomatology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Safarik University and Louis Pasteur University Hospital in Kosice, Kosice, Slovak Republic.
First Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Safarik University and Louis Pasteur University Hospital in Kosice, Kosice, Slovak Republic.
Cent Eur J Public Health. 2024 Dec;32(Supplement):78-84. doi: 10.21101/cejph.a7892.
Patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are repeatedly affected by oral diseases or problems, including dental caries and periodontal diseases (PDs). Periodontitis and rheumatoid arthritis are chronic inflammatory destructive diseases that share many similarities. The objective of this study was to assess oral health status including examination of hard dental tissues and periodontium in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and compare the results with healthy controls. We hypothesize some interlink between oral diseases and RA.
The epidemiological case-control study involved a total of 64 subjects divided into an experimental group (14 rheumatoid arthritis cases) and a control group (50 healthy individuals). Disease activity in the subjects with RA was assessed by the Disease Activity Score (DAS28). The number of Decayed, Missing and Filled Teeth (DMFT) and Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Need (CPITN) as a basic epidemiological oral health indexes were recorded. Finally, the data were analysed statistically.
The RA patients (19.21, SD = 6.95) showed a higher caries index level measured by DMFT than the control group (17.72, SD = 6.19); the difference was not statistically significant (U = 387.5, p = 0.547). In terms of a mean number of teeth decayed (p = 0.078), teeth filled due to caries (p = 0.397), and missing teeth (p = 0.126), the two groups were not significantly different. In terms of periodontal health, a significant difference was observed between the two groups concerning the CPI maximum score (p = 0.003). The RA patients showed higher prevalence of periodontitis than the controls.
A complete basic oral examination, along with an oral health instruction including adequate oral and dental hygiene, is crucial to prevent dental caries and periodontal diseases and associated complications in RA patients, since they appear to be more vulnerable than the non-RA population.
类风湿关节炎（RA）患者反复受到口腔疾病或问题的影响，包括龋齿和牙周疾病（PDs）。牙周炎和类风湿关节炎是慢性炎症性破坏性疾病，有许多相似之处。本研究的目的是评估类风湿关节炎患者的口腔健康状况，包括硬牙组织和牙周组织检查，并将结果与健康对照进行比较。我们推测口腔疾病与类风湿关节炎之间存在某种联系。
这项流行病学病例对照研究共纳入64名受试者，分为实验组（14例类风湿关节炎病例）和对照组（50名健康个体）。通过疾病活动评分（DAS28）评估类风湿关节炎患者的疾病活动度。记录龋失补牙数（DMFT）和社区牙周治疗需要指数（CPITN）作为基本的流行病学口腔健康指标。最后，对数据进行统计学分析。
类风湿关节炎患者通过DMFT测量的龋指数水平（19.21，标准差=6.95）高于对照组（17.72，标准差=6.19）；差异无统计学意义（U=387.5，p=0.547）。在平均龋坏牙数（p=0.078）、因龋补牙数（p=0.397）和缺失牙数（p=0.126）方面，两组无显著差异。在牙周健康方面，两组在CPI最高分上存在显著差异（p=0.003）。类风湿关节炎患者的牙周炎患病率高于对照组。
全面的基本口腔检查以及包括适当口腔和牙齿卫生的口腔健康指导，对于预防类风湿关节炎患者的龋齿、牙周疾病及相关并发症至关重要，因为他们似乎比非类风湿关节炎人群更易患病。
