Ma Kai, Wu Longfeng
College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, 5 Yiheyuan Road, Beijing, 100871, China.
College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, 5 Yiheyuan Road, Beijing, 100871, China.
Environ Res. 2025 Mar 15;269:120878. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2025.120878. Epub 2025 Jan 18.
Biodiversity is known to promote the mental well-being of urban residents. However, few studies have examined the perceived and empirically measured biodiversity and their potential pathways related to mental health. This study constructed a composite biodiversity index (bio index) using multiple NDVI metrics through Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and validated its effectiveness through a validation experiment. Relying on a survey in two major cities in China (N = 5,895), this study explored how perceived and empirically measured biodiversity are associate with mental well-being (CESD-10 score) through people's perceived psychological restoration, physiological restoration, and satisfaction with greenspace. Pathway analyses were conducted using PLS-SEM to examine the complex interplay of these variables. The results showed that perceived biodiversity was significantly and positively associated with mental health, potentially mediated by perceived psychological restoration, physiological restoration, and satisfaction with greenspace. The total effect of perceived biodiversity on mental health was stronger in Shanghai than in Beijing, with specific mechanisms differing regionally. Empirically measured biodiversity showed an insignificant relationship with mental health. Our finding recommends the importance of integrating perceived biodiversity into urban greening practice to promote mental well-being.
众所周知，生物多样性有助于提升城市居民的心理健康。然而，很少有研究探讨人们感知到的生物多样性、经实证测量的生物多样性及其与心理健康相关的潜在途径。本研究通过主成分分析（PCA），利用多个归一化植被指数（NDVI）指标构建了一个综合生物多样性指数（生物指数），并通过验证实验验证了其有效性。基于对中国两个主要城市（N = 5895）的调查，本研究探讨了人们感知到的生物多样性和经实证测量的生物多样性如何通过人们对心理恢复、生理恢复以及对绿地的满意度，与心理健康（CESD - 10得分）相关联。使用偏最小二乘结构方程模型（PLS - SEM）进行路径分析，以检验这些变量之间的复杂相互作用。结果表明，感知到的生物多样性与心理健康显著正相关，可能通过感知到的心理恢复、生理恢复以及对绿地的满意度来介导。感知到的生物多样性对心理健康的总体影响在上海比在北京更强，具体机制因地区而异。经实证测量的生物多样性与心理健康之间的关系不显著。我们的研究结果表明，将感知到的生物多样性纳入城市绿化实践以促进心理健康具有重要意义。
