Pérez-Cabello Jesús A, Artero-Castro Ana, Molina-Pinelo Sonia
Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), HUVR, CSIC, University of Seville, Seville 41013, Spain.
Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), HUVR, CSIC, University of Seville, Seville 41013, Spain; Spanish Center for Biomedical Research Network in Oncology (CIBERONC), Madrid 28029, Spain.
Crit Rev Oncol Hematol. 2025 Mar;207:104622. doi: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2025.104622. Epub 2025 Jan 19.
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) remains a challenge in oncology due to its aggressive behavior and dismal prognosis. Despite advances in treatments, novel strategies are urgently needed. Enter liquid biopsy-a game-changer in SCLC management. This revolutionary non-invasive approach allows for the analysis of circulating tumor cells (CTCs), offering insights into tumor behavior and treatment responses. Our review focuses on a groundbreaking frontier: harnessing CTCs to create three-dimensional (3D) organoid models. These models, derived from CTCs that break away from the primary tumor or metastatic locations, hold immense potential for revolutionizing cancer research, especially in SCLC. We explore the essential conditions for successfully establishing CTC-derived organoids-a transformative approach with profound implications for personalized medicine. Our evaluation spans diverse isolation techniques, shedding light on their advantages and limitations. Furthermore, we uncover the critical factors governing the cultivation of 3D organoids from CTCs, meticulously mimicking the tumor microenvironment. This review comprehensively elucidates the molecular characterization of these organoids, showcasing their potential in identifying treatment targets and predicting responses. In essence, our review amalgamates cutting-edge methodologies for isolating CTCs, establishing transformative CTC-derived organoids, and characterizing their molecular landscape. This represents a promising frontier for advancing personalized medicine in the complex realm of SCLC management and holds significant implications for translational research.
小细胞肺癌（SCLC）因其侵袭性生物学行为和预后不良，仍然是肿瘤学领域的一项挑战。尽管治疗方法有所进展，但仍迫切需要新的策略。液体活检应运而生——它是SCLC治疗中的一个变革者。这种革命性的非侵入性方法能够分析循环肿瘤细胞（CTC），为了解肿瘤行为和治疗反应提供线索。我们的综述聚焦于一个开创性的前沿领域：利用CTC创建三维（3D）类器官模型。这些模型源自从原发性肿瘤或转移部位脱离的CTC，在革新癌症研究方面具有巨大潜力，尤其是在SCLC研究中。我们探讨成功建立源自CTC的类器官的必要条件——这是一种具有变革性的方法，对个性化医疗具有深远意义。我们的评估涵盖了多种分离技术，阐明了它们的优缺点。此外，我们还揭示了从CTC培养3D类器官的关键因素，精心模拟肿瘤微环境。本综述全面阐述了这些类器官的分子特征，展示了它们在识别治疗靶点和预测反应方面的潜力。本质上，我们的综述融合了用于分离CTC、建立具有变革性的源自CTC的类器官以及表征其分子格局的前沿方法。这代表了在复杂的SCLC治疗领域推进个性化医疗的一个有前景的前沿领域，对转化研究具有重要意义。
