克罗地亚护理专业学生对电子烟使用的认知、知识及态度：一项横断面研究
Usage, knowledge and attitudes towards electronic cigarettes use among nursing students in Croatia: a cross-sectional study.
作者信息
Kajan Leopold, Puljak Livia, Matić Ivica, Marendić Mario, Zoranić Sanja, Ivanišević Kata, Majstorović Dijana, Puharić Zrinka, Skitarelić Nataša, Neuberg Marijana, Barać Ivana, Čukljek Snježana, Čivljak Marta
机构信息
Department of Nursing, Catholic University of Croatia, Ilica 244, Zagreb, Croatia.
University Department of Health Studies, University of Split, Split, Croatia.
出版信息
BMC Nurs. 2025 Jan 20;24(1):64. doi: 10.1186/s12912-025-02708-7.
BACKGROUND
Evidence shows harmful effects of e-cigarettes on health. There is limited data on the use of e-cigarettes among nursing students. This study aimed to investigate the usage, knowledge, and attitudes towards e-cigarettes among nursing students in Croatia, as well as their views on the role of nurses in counseling patients and assisting with smoking cessation.
METHODS
This cross-sectional study was conducted via an online questionnaire among nursing students at 10 universities in Croatia in March/April 2024. Students were asked questions about socio-demographics, knowledge and attitudes towards e-cigarettes and their views on the role of nurses in counseling patients and assisting with smoking cessation.
RESULTS
The study included 1,039 participants; 89% were women, 43% were smokers; 53% used e-cigarettes and 76% used them for recreational purposes. 21% of participants agreed that e-cigarettes are an effective method for quitting smoking. More than half indicated that e-cigarettes could encourage non-smokers to start smoking. The majority (60%) reported that they had never received education on smoking cessation at university. Furthermore, 66% stated that they did not feel confident advising smokers about e-cigarettes. The majority (70%) considered physicians to be the most knowledgeable health experts to advise and educate users of e-cigarettes. There were no significant differences in attitudes between smokers and non-smokers on the use of e-cigarettes. Participants demonstrated insufficient knowledge about e-cigarettes. Non-smokers had more positive attitudes towards the role of nurses in combating smoking compared to smokers. Participants who had received education on smoking cessation were more willing to advise smokers and had clearer views on the risks and the importance of the nurse's role in the quitting process compared to those who had not received such education. Smoking status and age were significant predictors of counseling confidence.
CONCLUSION
The study found a high prevalence of smoking and e-cigarette use among Croatian nursing students, along with limited knowledge and generally negative attitudes towards e-cigarettes. It highlighted gaps in education regarding the health risks of e-cigarettes and the lack of practical skills needed to help smokers quit, suggesting that nursing programs should update their curricula to better prepare students in these areas.
背景
有证据表明电子烟对健康有有害影响。关于护理专业学生使用电子烟的数据有限。本研究旨在调查克罗地亚护理专业学生对电子烟的使用情况、知识水平和态度，以及他们对护士在为患者提供咨询和协助戒烟方面作用的看法。
方法
这项横断面研究于2024年3月/4月通过在线问卷对克罗地亚10所大学的护理专业学生进行。询问学生关于社会人口统计学、对电子烟的知识和态度，以及他们对护士在为患者提供咨询和协助戒烟方面作用的看法等问题。
结果
该研究纳入了1039名参与者；89%为女性，43%为吸烟者；53%使用电子烟，76%用于娱乐目的。21%的参与者认为电子烟是一种有效的戒烟方法。超过一半的人表示电子烟可能会鼓励非吸烟者开始吸烟。大多数（60%）报告称他们在大学从未接受过戒烟教育。此外，66%的人表示他们对就电子烟向吸烟者提供建议没有信心。大多数（70%）认为医生是最有知识的健康专家，能够为电子烟使用者提供建议和教育。吸烟者和非吸烟者在电子烟使用态度上没有显著差异。参与者对电子烟的知识不足。与吸烟者相比，非吸烟者对护士在控烟方面的作用态度更积极。接受过戒烟教育的参与者比未接受过此类教育的参与者更愿意为吸烟者提供建议，并且对戒烟过程中护士角色的风险和重要性有更清晰的看法。吸烟状况和年龄是咨询信心的重要预测因素。
结论
该研究发现克罗地亚护理专业学生中吸烟和使用电子烟的比例很高，同时对电子烟的知识有限且总体态度消极。它凸显了在电子烟健康风险教育方面的差距以及帮助吸烟者戒烟所需实用技能的缺乏，表明护理课程应更新，以便在这些领域更好地培养学生。
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