多发性硬化症患者照料者的心理韧性：探究人格特质、应对方式及照料者负担的影响
Resilience Among Caregivers of People With Multiple Sclerosis: Exploring the Influence of Personality Traits, Coping, and Caregiver Burden.
作者信息
Kavak Katelyn S, Jakimovski Dejan, Eckert Svetlana P, Patrick Kara, Koury Samantha P, Benedict Ralph H B, Green Susan A, Weinstock-Guttman Bianca
机构信息
From the Jacobs Comprehensive MS Treatment and Research Center, Department of Neurology Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY.
Buffalo Neuroimaging Analysis Center Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY.
出版信息
Int J MS Care. 2025 Jan 20;27(Q1):15-24. doi: 10.7224/1537-2073.2024-004. eCollection 2025 Jan.
BACKGROUND
Resilience has been recognized as a vital protective factor in coping with stress and adversity. Multiple sclerosis (MS) caregiving is a complex and demanding role, often characterized by challenges.
METHODS
Caregivers of people with MS were recruited through health care professionals affiliated with the Jacobs MS Center for Treatment and Research in Buffalo, New York. Resilience was assessed by the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC-25) and the Health-Resilience-Stress Questionnaire (HRSQ). We examined the influence of personality traits (NEO Five-Factor Inventory-3), coping strategies (Brief Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced Inventory), quality of life (Adult Carer Quality of Life Questionnaire), and caregiver burden (Zarit Burden Interview) on resilience.
RESULTS
In our study of 98 caregivers (70.4% men; average age, 60 years), 91.8% were partners of people with MS. Out of a maximum score of 100, CD-RISC-25 scores were an average (SD) of 75.5 (14.4) and HRSQ scores were an average of 74.8 (12.9). Quality of life was positively associated with both resilience measures ( = 0.60 for CD-RISC-25; = 0.70 for HRSQ), whereas higher resilience was linked to lower caregiver burden ( = -0.40 for CD-RISC-25; = -0.49 for HRSQ). CD-RISC-25 showed higher resilience negatively correlated with neuroticism ( = -0.65) and positively with extroversion ( = 0.57) and conscientiousness ( = 0.59). HRSQ also showed strong negative correlation with neuroticism ( = -0.76) and positive correlations with extroversion ( = 0.60), conscientiousness ( = 0.53), and agreeableness ().
CONCLUSIONS
Caregivers for people with MS showed relatively high resilience levels, positively correlating with quality of life and reduced caregiver burden. Furthermore, resilience correlated inversely with neuroticism and positively with extroversion and conscientiousness. Future research should target personalized interventions, particularly for caregivers with low resilience.
背景
复原力已被视为应对压力和逆境的重要保护因素。照顾多发性硬化症（MS）患者是一项复杂且要求颇高的任务，常常充满挑战。
方法
通过与纽约布法罗市雅各布斯MS治疗与研究中心相关联的医疗保健专业人员招募MS患者的照顾者。采用康纳 - 戴维森复原力量表（CD - RISC - 25）和健康 - 复原力 - 压力问卷（HRSQ）评估复原力。我们研究了人格特质（NEO五因素问卷 - 3）、应对策略（经历问题的简短应对取向问卷）、生活质量（成人照顾者生活质量问卷）和照顾者负担（扎里特负担访谈）对复原力的影响。
结果
在我们对98名照顾者（70.4%为男性；平均年龄60岁）的研究中，91.8%是MS患者的伴侣。在满分100分中，CD - RISC - 25得分平均（标准差）为75.5（14.4），HRSQ得分平均为74.8（12.9）。生活质量与两种复原力测量方法均呈正相关（CD - RISC - 25的相关系数为0.60；HRSQ的相关系数为0.70），而较高的复原力与较低的照顾者负担相关（CD - RISC - 25的相关系数为 - 0.40；HRSQ的相关系数为 - 0.49）。CD - RISC - 25显示较高的复原力与神经质呈负相关（相关系数为 - 0.65），与外向性呈正相关（相关系数为0.57），与尽责性呈正相关（相关系数为0.59）。HRSQ也显示与神经质呈强负相关（相关系数为 - 0.76），与外向性呈正相关（相关系数为0.60），与尽责性呈正相关（相关系数为0.53），与宜人性呈正相关（相关系数未给出）。
结论
MS患者的照顾者表现出相对较高的复原力水平，与生活质量呈正相关且照顾者负担减轻。此外，复原力与神经质呈负相关，与外向性和尽责性呈正相关。未来的研究应针对个性化干预措施，特别是针对复原力较低的照顾者。
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