Pedugu Sivaraman Sushmitha, Srinivasan Prabhakaran, Madhu Deepan Kumar, Deivasigamani Prabhakaran, Mohan Akhila Maheswari
Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632014, India.
Department of Chemistry, K. Ramakrishnan College of Technology, Samayapuram, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu 621112, India.
J Hazard Mater. 2025 Apr 5;487:137247. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.137247. Epub 2025 Jan 15.
This study focuses on developing an affordable and cost-effective colorimetric solid-state optical sensor for target-specific naked-eye detection of Pb, offering significant potential for real-time environmental monitoring and public health applications. The indigenously developed porous polymer monolithic template, poly(lauryl methacrylate-co-ethylene glycol dimethacrylate) (poly(LMC-co-EGDMA) is infused with a chromoionophoric probe, i.e., 6,6-(naphthalene-1,5-diyl bis(diazene-2,1-diyl)bis(4-(butan-2-yl)phenol) (NDBP) to develop a durable/reusable solid sensor. The perforated structural assemblies of the porous poly(LMC-co-EGDMA) are analyzed using a range of microscopic, spectroscopic, and diffraction methods. The template features a homogeneous configuration of interlinked macro/mesoporous networks, allowing for the enhanced integration of NDBP probe molecules to facilitate rapid and improved Pb detection. The fabricated sensor demonstrates a significant solid-state colorimetric shift from pale peach to deep maroon in proportion to Pb concentration, with a precise absorption peak at 543 nm. The operational parameters of the poly(LMC-co-EGDMA)NDBP sensor are optimized to maximize the ion-sensing ability. The sensor demonstrates a linear signal response from 0 to 300 ppb for Pb and corresponding detection and quantification limits of 0.28 and 0.93 ppb, respectively. The sensing effectiveness of the sensor using cigarette samples and natural water samples reveals outstanding accuracy with recovery results of ≥ 98.9 % (RSD ≤1.8 %) and ≥ 99.1 %, with RSD of ≤ 1.7 % from quadruplicate analysis. The proposed solid-state sensor offers exceptional sensitivity and selectivity for trace Pb²⁺ detection with a rapid response time of 40 s. The cost-effective and portable sensor provides a valuable tool for environmental monitoring and public health protection by enabling fast, on-site detection of the toxic Pb in contaminated water and tobacco samples, particularly for developing and underdeveloped regions with limited access to sophisticated instruments. Its reusability and accuracy features offer a sustainable and practical solution for addressing widespread lead pollution, thus contributing to safer water quality assessments and pollution control.
本研究致力于开发一种价格低廉且具有成本效益的比色固态光学传感器，用于对铅进行目标特异性肉眼检测，在实时环境监测和公共卫生应用方面具有巨大潜力。在本土开发的多孔聚合物整体模板聚（甲基丙烯酸月桂酯 - 二甲基丙烯酸乙二醇酯）（聚（LMC - 共 - EGDMA）中注入一种发色离子载体探针，即6,6 -（萘 - 1,5 - 二基双（重氮 - 2,1 - 二基）双（4 -（丁 - 2 - 基）苯酚）（NDBP），以开发一种耐用/可重复使用的固态传感器。使用一系列显微镜、光谱和衍射方法对多孔聚（LMC - 共 - EGDMA）的穿孔结构组件进行分析。该模板具有相互连接的大孔/介孔网络的均匀结构，使得NDBP探针分子的整合增强，从而便于快速且改进铅的检测。所制备的传感器显示出与铅浓度成比例的从浅桃色到深栗色的显著固态比色变化，在543 nm处有精确的吸收峰。对聚（LMC - 共 - EGDMA）NDBP传感器的操作参数进行了优化，以最大化离子传感能力。该传感器对铅的线性信号响应范围为0至300 ppb，相应的检测限和定量限分别为0.28和0.93 ppb。使用香烟样品和天然水样对该传感器的传感效果显示出卓越的准确性，回收率结果≥98.9%（相对标准偏差≤1.8%）和≥99.1%，四次重复分析的相对标准偏差≤1.7%。所提出的固态传感器对痕量Pb²⁺检测具有出色的灵敏度和选择性，响应时间快速，为40秒。这种经济高效且便携的传感器通过能够快速、现场检测受污染水和烟草样品中的有毒铅，为环境监测和公共卫生保护提供了一种有价值的工具，特别是对于那些难以获得精密仪器的发展中地区和欠发达地区。其可重复使用性和准确性特点为解决广泛存在的铅污染问题提供了一种可持续且实用的解决方案，从而有助于更安全的水质评估和污染控制。
