Mugova Elke, Wolkersdorfer Christian
Department of Hydrogeology and Hydrochemistry, Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg (TUBAF), Otto-Meißer-Bau, Gustav-Zeuner-Str. 12, 09599, Freiberg, Germany.
South African Research Chair for Acid Mine Drainage Treatment, Tshwane University of Technology (TUT), Private Bag X680, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa.
Sci Rep. 2025 Jan 22;15(1):2757. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-82293-y.
Managing mine water in the best possible way is of great importance and depends on various factors like environmental protection, regulatory compliance and human health. To understand the complex chemical and hydrodynamic processes within the mine pool, it is critical to establish effective practices and management strategies. This study focuses on the characterisation of hydrodynamic processes affecting flooded underground mines, emphasising the importance of density stratification. The investigation of 29 ore and coal mine shafts and their corresponding physico-chemical depth profile measurements was aimed to compare the profiles with each other, while also taking into account the shaft geometry and the layout of the mine. Finding cross-links between the profiles, which allow universal statements on stratification in flooded underground mines, was the main objective. Results of this study indicate that stratification occurs in almost all flooded underground mines, and the uppermost stratified water body is usually located in the area of the first or second connected level. Furthermore, stratification is often responsible for considerably better quality of the uppermost water body. Hence, stratification is fundamental to mine water management and has a direct influence on the quality of the discharged water. This knowledge is invaluable in developing strategies to optimise mine closure, mine water management, treatment planning and future mine layouts.
以最佳方式管理矿井水至关重要，这取决于环境保护、法规合规性和人类健康等多种因素。为了了解矿井水池内复杂的化学和水动力过程，建立有效的实践和管理策略至关重要。本研究着重于对影响水淹地下矿井的水动力过程进行表征，强调密度分层的重要性。对29个矿坑和煤矿竖井及其相应的物理化学深度剖面测量进行调查，旨在相互比较这些剖面，同时考虑竖井的几何形状和矿井布局。找到剖面之间的交叉联系，以便对水淹地下矿井的分层情况做出通用说明，这是主要目标。本研究结果表明，几乎所有水淹地下矿井都会出现分层现象，最上层的分层水体通常位于第一个或第二个连通水平的区域。此外，分层通常是导致最上层水体质量明显更好的原因。因此，分层是矿井水管理的基础，对排放水的质量有直接影响。这些知识对于制定优化矿井关闭、矿井水管理、处理规划和未来矿井布局的策略非常宝贵。
