Otsuka Nana, Yamaguchi Ryoya, Sawa Hikaru, Kadofusa Naoya, Kato Nanako, Nomura Yasuyuki, Yamaguchi Nobutoshi, Nagano Atsushi J, Sato Ayato, Shirakawa Makoto, Ito Toshiro
Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST), Ikoma, Japan.
Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Tokai National Higher Education and Research System, Nagoya, Japan.
Commun Biol. 2025 Jan 22;8(1):108. doi: 10.1038/s42003-025-07553-7.
Monocarpic plants flower only once and then produce seeds. Many monocarpic plants require a cold treatment known as vernalization before they flower. This requirement delays flowering until the plant senses warm temperatures in the spring. Exposure to high temperatures following vernalization causes devernalization, which cancels the vernalized state, inhibiting flowering and promoting vegetative growth. In this study, we screened over 16,000 chemical compounds and identified five small molecules (devernalizers; DVRs) that induce devernalization in Arabidopsis thaliana at room temperature without requiring a high-temperature treatment. Treatment with DVRs reactivated the expression of FLOWERING LOCUS C (FLC), a master repressor of flowering, by reducing the deposition of repressive histone modifications, thereby delaying flowering time. Three of the DVRs identified shared two structures: a hydantoin-like region and a spiro-like carbon. Treatment with DVR06, which has a simple chemical structure containing these domains, delayed flowering time and reduced the deposition of repressive histone modifications at FLC. RNA-seq and ChIP-seq analyses revealed both shared and specific transcriptomic and epigenetic effects between DVR06- and heat-induced devernalization. Overall, our extensive chemical screening indicated that hydantoin and spiro are key chemical signatures that reduce repressive histone modifications and promote devernalization in plants.
一年生植物只开花一次，然后结籽。许多一年生植物在开花前需要一种称为春化作用的低温处理。这种需求会延迟开花，直到植物感知到春季的温暖温度。春化作用后暴露于高温会导致去春化，从而消除春化状态，抑制开花并促进营养生长。在本研究中，我们筛选了超过16000种化合物，并鉴定出五种小分子（去春化剂；DVRs），它们在室温下可在拟南芥中诱导去春化，而无需高温处理。用DVRs处理通过减少抑制性组蛋白修饰的沉积，重新激活了开花的主要抑制因子开花位点C（FLC）的表达，从而延迟了开花时间。鉴定出的三种DVRs具有两种结构：一个类似乙内酰脲的区域和一个类似螺环的碳。用具有包含这些结构域的简单化学结构的DVR06处理，延迟了开花时间，并减少了FLC处抑制性组蛋白修饰的沉积。RNA测序和染色质免疫沉淀测序分析揭示了DVR06诱导的去春化和热诱导的去春化之间共同的和特定的转录组和表观遗传效应。总体而言，我们广泛的化学筛选表明，乙内酰脲和螺环是减少植物中抑制性组蛋白修饰并促进去春化的关键化学特征。
