Tuscharoenporn Thunwipa, Apaijai Nattayaporn, Charoenkwan Kittipat, Chattipakorn Nipon, Chattipakorn Siriporn C
Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
Cancer Gene Ther. 2025 Feb;32(2):149-164. doi: 10.1038/s41417-025-00871-2. Epub 2025 Jan 22.
Ovarian cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths in women, and the development of chemoresistance remains a major challenge during and after its treatment. Exosomes, small extracellular vesicles involved in intercellular communication, have emerged as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets in ovarian cancer. This review summarizes the current literature on differences in exosomal protein/gene expression between chemosensitive and chemoresistant ovarian cancer, and the effects of exosomal modifications on chemotherapeutic response. Clinical studies have identified alterations in several exosomal components from ovarian cancer tissues and serum samples arising as a consequence of chemosensitivity, which indicates their potential usefulness as potential biomarkers for predicting the development of chemoresistance. Interventional investigations from in vitro and in vivo studies demonstrated that modulation of specific exosomal components can influence ovarian cancer cell phenotypes and individual responses to chemotherapy. Exosomal delivery of chemotherapeutic agents, such as cisplatin, has presented as a potential targeted drug delivery strategy for overcoming chemoresistance in preclinical models. In summary, this review highlights the potential for exosomal proteins and genes to be useful biomarkers for predicting chemotherapy response and being therapeutic targets for overcoming chemoresistance in ovarian cancer. However, future research is still needed to validate these findings and explore the clinical utility of exosomal biomarkers and therapeutics in ovarian cancer management. In addition, understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying exosome-mediated chemoresistance may provide valuable insights for the development of personalized therapeutic strategies, improving outcomes for patients with ovarian cancer.
卵巢癌是女性癌症相关死亡的主要原因之一，化疗耐药性的产生仍然是其治疗期间及治疗后的一项重大挑战。外泌体是参与细胞间通讯的小细胞外囊泡，已成为卵巢癌潜在的生物标志物和治疗靶点。本综述总结了当前关于化疗敏感型和化疗耐药型卵巢癌外泌体蛋白/基因表达差异以及外泌体修饰对化疗反应影响的文献。临床研究已确定，由于化疗敏感性，卵巢癌组织和血清样本中的几种外泌体成分发生了改变，这表明它们作为预测化疗耐药性发展的潜在生物标志物具有潜在用途。体外和体内研究的干预性调查表明，特定外泌体成分的调节可影响卵巢癌细胞表型和个体对化疗的反应。化疗药物如顺铂的外泌体递送已成为临床前模型中克服化疗耐药性的一种潜在靶向药物递送策略。总之，本综述强调了外泌体蛋白和基因作为预测化疗反应的有用生物标志物以及作为克服卵巢癌化疗耐药性的治疗靶点的潜力。然而，仍需要未来的研究来验证这些发现，并探索外泌体生物标志物和治疗方法在卵巢癌管理中的临床应用。此外，了解外泌体介导的化疗耐药性的分子机制可能为制定个性化治疗策略提供有价值的见解，从而改善卵巢癌患者的治疗效果。
