Daniels Anita Anima, Anaba Emmanuel Anongeba, Nettey Obed Ernest A
Department of Health Services Management, University of Ghana, Legon-Accra, Ghana.
Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, University of Ghana, Legon-Accra, Ghana.
BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2025 Jan 22;25(1):58. doi: 10.1186/s12884-025-07161-7.
The prevalence of adolescent pregnancy is high in developing countries and poses a public health threat. This study aimed to assess the coverage and correlates of optimal ANC visits, early initiation of ANC visits, assisted delivery and health facility delivery among adolescent mothers.
We analysed data from the 2017 Ghana Maternal Health Survey (GMHS), using a sample of 567 (weighted) and 527 (unweighted) adolescent mothers with at least one live birth or stillbirth in the five (5) years preceding the survey.
Most participants obtained four or more ANC visits, accessed health facility delivery and assisted delivery. Half (50%) of the participants initiated ANC visits in the first trimester. Less than half (39%) of the participants utilized all four maternal health services optimally. Utilization of maternal health services was associated with predisposing factors (age and parity) and enabling factors (wealth index, health insurance, permission to seek care). For instance, adolescent mothers aged 18-19 years (AOR = 1.65, 95% CI: 1.01-2.70) had increased odds of early initiation compared to those aged 15-17 years. Adolescent mothers who were uninsured (AOR = 0.30, 95% CI: 0.15-0.63) were less likely to obtain optimal ANC visits than insured mothers. Adolescent mothers in the middle wealth index (AOR = 1.97, 95% CI: 1.06-3.63) were about twice more likely to utilize all the four maternal health services compared to those in the lowest wealth index.
This study has demonstrated that adolescent utilization of ANC visits, health facility delivery and skilled delivery were satisfactory. However, ANC initiation and optimal utilization of the recommended maternal health services were unsatisfactory. Utilization of the maternal health services was determined by predisposing factors such as age and parity as well as enabling factors including health insurance coverage, permission for treatment and wealth index.
青少年怀孕在发展中国家的发生率很高，对公共卫生构成威胁。本研究旨在评估青少年母亲进行最佳产前检查、尽早开始产前检查、辅助分娩及在医疗机构分娩的覆盖率及其相关因素。
我们分析了2017年加纳孕产妇健康调查（GMHS）的数据，样本为在调查前五年内至少有一次活产或死产的567名（加权）和527名（未加权）青少年母亲。
大多数参与者进行了四次或更多次产前检查，接受了医疗机构分娩和辅助分娩。一半（50%）的参与者在孕早期开始进行产前检查。不到一半（39%）的参与者最佳地利用了所有四项孕产妇保健服务。孕产妇保健服务的利用与易患因素（年龄和胎次）和促成因素（财富指数、健康保险、寻求治疗的许可）相关。例如，18 - 19岁的青少年母亲（调整后比值比[AOR]=1.65，95%置信区间[CI]：1.01 - 2.70）与15 - 17岁的青少年母亲相比，尽早开始产前检查的几率更高。未参保的青少年母亲（AOR = 0.30，95% CI：0.15 - 0.63）比参保母亲获得最佳产前检查的可能性更小。中等财富指数的青少年母亲（AOR = 1.97，95% CI：1.06 - 3.63）与最低财富指数的青少年母亲相比，利用所有四项孕产妇保健服务的可能性大约是其两倍。
本研究表明，青少年对产前检查、医疗机构分娩和熟练接生服务的利用情况令人满意。然而，产前检查的开始时间以及对推荐的孕产妇保健服务的最佳利用情况并不理想。孕产妇保健服务的利用由年龄和胎次等易患因素以及包括健康保险覆盖范围、治疗许可和财富指数在内的促成因素决定。
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