Khatun Sweety, Kundu Rupa, Islam Saiful, Aktary Ritu, Kumar Dipankar
Department of Mathematics, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj, 8100, Bangladesh.
Heliyon. 2024 Dec 26;11(1):e41508. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e41508. eCollection 2025 Jan 15.
The numerical analysis examines the attributes of magnetohydrodynamic natural convection in a closed cavity including a circular hollow. Because mono and hybrid nanofluids have many applications in thermal engineering and manufacturing, hybrid nanofluids are utilized as the substance within the entire domain. The investigation centers on a closed, trapezoidal-shaped hollow with a heated surface ring. The inclined vertical walls are treated as cold exteriors, while the others are insulated. Another factor is taking a magnetic field horizontally to the cavity. The entire cavity contains a hybrid nanofluid, an amalgamation of and nanoparticles with water. The associated governing equations are simulated via the finite element method. Exploiting streamlines, isotherms, and line graphs, the results are physically explained for a range of values of Rayleigh number (10 ≤ ≤ 10), nanoparticle volume fraction (0 ≤ ≤ 0.1), and Hartmann number (0 ≤ ≤ 100). The RSM is used to display 2 and 3 effects of significant factors on response function. A best-fitted correlation is built up to examine the rate of sensitivity. It is found that incorporating hybrid nanoparticles and intensifying the Rayleigh number directs to the thermal actuation of hybrid nanofluid. In the event of a growing magnetic impact, reverse behaviors should be noted. The water's ability to transmit heat increases to 11.29 % when the hybrid nanofluid is used. The imposition of a magnetic field ( = 25), the rate of heat transmission lessens to 2.4 %. The has positive sensitivity whereas shows inverse behavior. Lastly, the study's findings might guide designing a successful natural convective mechanical device.
数值分析研究了包含圆形空洞的封闭腔内磁流体动力学自然对流的特性。由于单纳米流体和混合纳米流体在热工程和制造业中有许多应用，因此在整个区域内使用混合纳米流体作为物质。研究集中在一个带有加热表面环的封闭梯形空洞上。倾斜的垂直壁被视为冷外部，而其他壁则隔热。另一个因素是在水平方向对腔施加磁场。整个腔内包含一种混合纳米流体，即 和 纳米颗粒与水的混合物。通过有限元方法对相关的控制方程进行模拟。利用流线、等温线和线图，对一系列瑞利数（10 ≤ ≤ 10）、纳米颗粒体积分数（0 ≤ ≤ 0.1）和哈特曼数（0 ≤ ≤ 100）的值，对结果进行了物理解释。响应曲面法用于展示显著因素对响应函数的二维和三维影响。建立了最佳拟合相关性以检验灵敏度率。发现加入混合纳米颗粒和增大瑞利数会导致混合纳米流体的热驱动。在磁场影响增大的情况下，应注意到相反的行为。当使用 混合纳米流体时，水的传热能力提高到11.29%。施加磁场（ = 25）时，传热率降低到2.4%。 具有正灵敏度，而 表现出相反的行为。最后，该研究结果可能有助于设计一个成功的自然对流机械装置。
