Bokhan Tatiana G, Leshchinskaia Svetlana B, Terekhina Olga V, Shabalovskaya Marina V, Silaeva Anna V, Malykh Sergey B, Kovas Yulia
Department of Psychology, National Research Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia.
Psychological Institute, Russian Academy of Education, Moscow, Russia.
Psych J. 2025 Apr;14(2):200-218. doi: 10.1002/pchj.823. Epub 2025 Jan 23.
The first year of parenthood is considered to be a challenging period, associated with the transformation of family relations. The links between family relations and parenting are widely studied. However, in most research only a limited number of indicators is investigated, and there is a lack of data on the agreement between mothers' and fathers' evaluations of family relations. The aims of the present study were to explore (1) the structure and measurement invariance of marital relations and parenting constructs for mothers and fathers; (2) the associations among the measures of marital relations and parenting in mothers and fathers; (3) the agreement between mothers and fathers in their perception of marital relations, as well as cross-parent cross-measure associations of marital relations and self-rated parenting; (4) average differences between the parents in their perception of marital relations and parenting. The data from 352 Russian-speaking married couples participating in the Wave 3 of the Prospective Longitudinal Interdisciplinary Study (PLIS) were collected when the children were 9 months old. Seven measures of family relations (marital relations, grandparents' support) and nine measures of parenting were obtained. The statistical analyses included the exploratory factor analysis, assessment of measurement invariance, comparative and correlational analysis. The result showed that measures were organised into coherent factor-based groupings: (1) marital relations, (2) support from grandparents, (3) childcare and affection, and (4) harsh parental discipline. Six of 12 measures showed partial scalar invariance between mothers and fathers. Moderate within-measure correlations were observed between mothers' and fathers' assessments of family relations; and weak correlations-for parenting. Mother-father cross-measure correlations were moderate for family relations, but negligible for parenting. Small to moderate average differences between mothers and fathers were found for all measures. The results highlight the need to consider similarities and differences between mothers' and fathers' experiences in future research and practice.
为人父母的第一年被认为是一个充满挑战的时期，与家庭关系的转变相关。家庭关系与育儿之间的联系已得到广泛研究。然而，在大多数研究中，仅调查了有限数量的指标，并且缺乏关于父母对家庭关系评价一致性的数据。本研究的目的是探讨：（1）父母对婚姻关系和育儿结构的结构及测量不变性；（2）父母对婚姻关系和育儿测量指标之间的关联；（3）父母在婚姻关系认知上的一致性，以及婚姻关系与自评育儿之间的跨父母跨测量指标关联；（4）父母在婚姻关系和育儿认知上的平均差异。当孩子9个月大时，收集了参与前瞻性纵向跨学科研究（PLIS）第3波的352对说俄语的已婚夫妇的数据。获得了七项家庭关系测量指标（婚姻关系、祖父母的支持）和九项育儿测量指标。统计分析包括探索性因素分析、测量不变性评估、比较分析和相关分析。结果表明，这些测量指标被组织成基于连贯因素的分组：（1）婚姻关系，（2）祖父母的支持，（3）育儿与关爱，以及（4）严厉的父母管教。12项测量指标中的6项在父母之间显示出部分标量不变性。在父母对家庭关系的评价之间观察到适度的测量指标内相关性；而对于育儿则为弱相关性。父母跨测量指标相关性在家庭关系方面为中等，但在育儿方面可忽略不计。在所有测量指标上，父母之间发现了小到中等程度的平均差异。结果强调了在未来研究和实践中需要考虑父母经历的异同。
