Metaxouli Konstantina, Tsiou Chrysoula, Dokoutsidou Eleni, Margari Nikoletta
Department of Nursing, University of West Attica, Egaleo, 12241 Athens, Greece.
NeuroSci. 2025 Jan 6;6(1):4. doi: 10.3390/neurosci6010004.
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a multifactorial disease, with diet and lifestyle playing an important role in its development. The Mediterranean diet has been considered to be particularly beneficial for MS patients. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between diet and MS, as well as evaluate the effect of the Mediterranean diet on patients' quality of life and level of disability. The six-month study included 130 patients, divided into a control and intervention group. Data collection instruments were used for the collection of demographic and medical characteristics of the participants, as well as data regarding disability [(Multiple Sclerosis Rating Scale-Revised (MSRS-R) and Multiple Sclerosis Impact Scale-29 (MSIS-29)], nutrition [Mediterranean Diet Score (MedDiet Score) and Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA)], and quality of life [Multiple Sclerosis Quality of Life-54 (MSQOL-54)]. The results indicated that the demographic characteristics of the groups were similar. The MNA score was positively associated with physical ( = 0.002) and mental health ( = 0.001). The intervention group reported an improvement in adherence to the Mediterranean diet, an increase in the MedDiet Score, and a decrease in the MSRS-R Score, indicating an improvement in functional capacity, nutritional status, and quality of life. In conclusion, the Mediterranean diet can improve the functionality and quality of life of patients with MS. Nutrition education is therefore deemed critical, and further research is required to reinforce these findings.
多发性硬化症（MS）是一种多因素疾病，饮食和生活方式在其发展过程中起着重要作用。地中海饮食被认为对MS患者特别有益。本研究的目的是调查饮食与MS之间的关系，并评估地中海饮食对患者生活质量和残疾程度的影响。这项为期六个月的研究纳入了130名患者，分为对照组和干预组。数据收集工具用于收集参与者的人口统计学和医学特征，以及有关残疾情况的数据[修订版多发性硬化症评定量表（MSRS-R）和多发性硬化症影响量表-29（MSIS-29）]、营养状况[地中海饮食评分（MedDiet Score）和微型营养评定（MNA）]以及生活质量[多发性硬化症生活质量量表-54（MSQOL-54）]。结果表明，两组的人口统计学特征相似。MNA评分与身体健康（P = 0.002）和心理健康（P = 0.001）呈正相关。干预组报告称，其对地中海饮食的依从性有所改善，MedDiet评分有所提高，MSRS-R评分有所降低，这表明其功能能力、营养状况和生活质量均有所改善。总之，地中海饮食可以改善MS患者的功能和生活质量。因此，营养教育被认为至关重要，需要进一步研究来强化这些发现。
