Llodio Iñaki, Yanci Javier, Usandizaga Mikel, Larrea Auritz, Iturricastillo Aitor, Cámara Jesús, Granados Cristina
AKTIBOki, Research Group in Physical Activity, Physical Exercise and Sport, Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Education and Sport, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 01007 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.
Society, Sports and Physical Exercise Research Group (GIKAFIT), Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Education and Sport, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 01007 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.
J Funct Morphol Kinesiol. 2024 Dec 27;10(1):9. doi: 10.3390/jfmk10010009.
: The aim of this study was to analyze the repeatability and validity of different methods to determine the anaerobic threshold through a maximal multistage cycling test; : In total, 17 male endurance-trained athletes [7 cyclists and 10 triathletes, age 33.2 ± 6.9 yr, workload at maximal lactate steady state (MLSS) 268 ± 27 W] participated in the study. The participants performed a maximal multistage cycling test twice to analyze the repeatability of the anaerobic threshold (AT) using nine different methods. In the remaining sessions, several 20 min constant load tests were performed to determine MLSS (gold standard); : The workload corresponding to 73% of the maximal power (AT) showed the best repeatability followed by the Dmax method calculated from the blood lactate concentration ([La]) associated with the Minimum Lactate Equivalent and final [La] (Dmax). Validity analyses showed that all AT determined in the present study were strong predictors of MLSS, however, AT and the workloads at 1.5 mmol·L above the first lactate threshold significantly underestimated MLSS. The use of correction equations for these variables lowered their absolute mean bias to <5 W. Dmax and workload associated with the 86% of the maximal heart rate showed the narrowest limits of agreement to estimate MLSS closely followed by corrected AT; : AT, using the correction equation and Dmax, stand out as powerful predictors of MLSS among the variables analyzed in the present study in trained cyclists or triathletes. Sports physiologists and coaches can use corrected AT and Dmax to accurately assess athletes' endurance capacity and prescribe their training.
本研究的目的是通过最大多级自行车测试分析不同方法测定无氧阈的重复性和有效性；共有17名男性耐力训练运动员[7名自行车运动员和10名铁人三项运动员，年龄33.2±6.9岁，最大乳酸稳态（MLSS）时的工作量为268±27瓦]参与了该研究。参与者进行了两次最大多级自行车测试，以使用九种不同方法分析无氧阈（AT）的重复性。在其余的测试中，进行了几次20分钟的恒定负荷测试以确定MLSS（金标准）；对应于最大功率（AT）73%的工作量显示出最佳的重复性，其次是根据与最低乳酸当量和最终血乳酸浓度（[La]）相关的血乳酸浓度计算的Dmax方法（Dmax）。有效性分析表明，本研究中测定的所有AT都是MLSS的强预测指标，然而，AT以及高于第一个乳酸阈1.5 mmol·L时的工作量显著低估了MLSS。对这些变量使用校正方程可将其绝对平均偏差降低至<5瓦。Dmax以及与最大心率86%相关的工作量显示出估计MLSS时最窄的一致性界限，紧随校正后的AT之后；在本研究分析的变量中，使用校正方程和Dmax的AT在训练有素的自行车运动员或铁人三项运动员中是MLSS的有力预测指标。运动生理学家和教练可以使用校正后的AT和Dmax来准确评估运动员的耐力能力并制定训练计划。
