Nawab Said, Ullah Muhammad Wajid, Shah Syed Bilal, Zhang Ya-Fei, Keerio Hareef Ahmed, Yong Yang-Chun
Biofuels Institute, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China.
Department of Pulp & Paper Engineering, College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, 210037, Nanjing, China.
World J Microbiol Biotechnol. 2025 Jan 24;41(2):48. doi: 10.1007/s11274-025-04261-6.
Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) is a biodegradable polymer that belongs to a group of polymers called polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs). PHB can be synthesized from renewable resources, making it a promising alternative to petroleum-derived plastics. It is also considered non-toxic, biodegradable, and biocompatible, which makes it suitable for various applications in the medicine and biomedicine. Many microorganisms biosynthesize and accumulate PHB naturally. However, recent advancements in metabolic engineering and synthetic biology have allowed scientists to engineer non-native microorganisms to produce PHB. This review comprehensively summarizes all non-native microbial hosts used for PHB biosynthesis and discusses different metabolic engineering approaches used to enhance PHB production. These strategies include optimizing the biosynthesis pathway through cofactor engineering, metabolic pathway reconstruction, and cell morphology engineering. Moreover, the CRISPR/Cas9 approach is also used for manipulating the genome of non-host microorganisms to enable them produce PHB. Among non-native microbial hosts, Escherichia coli has been successfully used for industrial-scale PHB production. However, further genetic engineering approaches are needed to make non-native microbial hosts more suitable for large-scale PHB production.
聚（3-羟基丁酸酯）（PHB）是一种可生物降解的聚合物，属于一类称为聚羟基脂肪酸酯（PHA）的聚合物。PHB可以由可再生资源合成，使其成为石油衍生塑料的有前途的替代品。它还被认为是无毒、可生物降解和生物相容的，这使其适用于医学和生物医学的各种应用。许多微生物天然地生物合成并积累PHB。然而，代谢工程和合成生物学的最新进展使科学家能够改造非天然微生物来生产PHB。本综述全面总结了用于PHB生物合成的所有非天然微生物宿主，并讨论了用于提高PHB产量的不同代谢工程方法。这些策略包括通过辅因子工程、代谢途径重建和细胞形态工程来优化生物合成途径。此外，CRISPR/Cas9方法也用于操纵非宿主微生物的基因组，使其能够生产PHB。在非天然微生物宿主中，大肠杆菌已成功用于工业规模的PHB生产。然而，需要进一步的基因工程方法使非天然微生物宿主更适合大规模PHB生产。
