英国异性恋和性少数老年成年人认知衰退风险因素的差异影响。
Differential Impact of Risk Factors for Cognitive Decline in Heterosexual and Sexual Minority Older Adults in England.
作者信息
Manca Riccardo, Flatt Jason D, Venneri Annalena
机构信息
Department of Life Sciences, Brunel University of London, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, UK.
Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43125 Parma, Italy.
出版信息
Brain Sci. 2025 Jan 18;15(1):90. doi: 10.3390/brainsci15010090.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Sexual minority older adults (SMOAs) report greater subjective cognitive decline (SCD) than heterosexual older adults (HOAs). This study aimed to compare the impact of multiple psycho-social risk factors on objective and subjective cognitive decline in HOAs and SMOAs.
METHODS
Two samples of self-identified HOAs and SMOAs were selected from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing. Reliable change indices for episodic and semantic memory were created to assess cognitive decline. SCD was self-reported for memory and general cognition. Depressive symptoms, loneliness, marital status and socio-economic status were investigated as risk factors.
RESULTS
No between-group differences were found in cognitive decline. Higher depression was associated with greater SCD risk and worse semantic memory decline. The latter effect was stronger in SMOAs. The findings were largely replicated in the sensitivity analysis.
CONCLUSIONS
Poor mental health may represent the strongest driver of cognitive decline in SMOAs and to a greater extent than in HOAs.
背景/目的：性少数老年成年人（SMOAs）报告的主观认知衰退（SCD）比异性恋老年成年人（HOAs）更严重。本研究旨在比较多种心理社会风险因素对HOAs和SMOAs客观和主观认知衰退的影响。
方法
从英国老龄化纵向研究中选取两个自我认定为HOAs和SMOAs的样本。创建情景记忆和语义记忆的可靠变化指数以评估认知衰退。通过自我报告来评估记忆和一般认知方面的SCD。对抑郁症状、孤独感、婚姻状况和社会经济地位作为风险因素进行了调查。
结果
在认知衰退方面未发现组间差异。较高的抑郁与更大的SCD风险和更差的语义记忆衰退相关。后一种效应在SMOAs中更强。这些发现在敏感性分析中基本得到重复。
结论
心理健康不佳可能是SMOAs认知衰退的最强驱动因素，且在程度上比HOAs更大。
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