Layton Georgia R, Antoun Ibrahim, Copperwheat Alice, Khan Zaidhan Latif, Bhandari Sanjay S, Somani Riyaz, Ng André, Zakkar Mustafa
Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK.
Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester LE1 5WW, UK.
Cells. 2025 Jan 13;14(2):106. doi: 10.3390/cells14020106.
Osteopontin (OPN) is a sialylated phosphoprotein highly expressed in atherosclerosis and upregulated in settings of both acute and chronic inflammation. It is hypothesised that plasma levels of OPN may correlate with the presence of coronary artery disease, "CAD". This offers potential as a point-of-care testing biomarker for early diagnosis, disease monitoring, and prognosis. This review evaluates the current literature on the association between plasma OPN levels and coronary artery disease and what is currently known to support its potential as a biomarker for future practice. Electronic searches of MEDLINE and EMBASE databases were undertaken from inception until July 2024. Thirty-three studies met the inclusion criteria. All studies were observational, with gross heterogeneity in methods used to analyse the association of plasma OPN with clinical characteristics. They included case series, case-control, cross-sectional, and cohort study designs. OPN has been linked to higher cardiovascular risk and unfavourable cardiovascular outcomes. However, the evidence regarding the direct assessment of CAD severity using tools like the SYNTAX or TIMI scores, which focus on anatomical complexity and risk factors, is less definitive. This suggests that OPN may be a more precise reflection of the inflammatory processes and atherosclerotic activity contributing to unfavourable outcomes rather than a direct indicator of the anatomical severity of CAD itself. Consequently, OPN is increasingly perceived as a marker of a poor prognosis rather than a tool for assessing the severity of coronary artery lesions.
骨桥蛋白（OPN）是一种唾液酸化磷蛋白，在动脉粥样硬化中高度表达，在急性和慢性炎症情况下均上调。据推测，OPN的血浆水平可能与冠状动脉疾病（CAD）的存在相关。这为其作为即时检测生物标志物用于早期诊断、疾病监测和预后评估提供了潜力。本综述评估了目前关于血浆OPN水平与冠状动脉疾病之间关联的文献，以及目前已知的支持其作为未来实践生物标志物潜力的内容。对MEDLINE和EMBASE数据库进行了从创建到2024年7月的电子检索。33项研究符合纳入标准。所有研究均为观察性研究，在用于分析血浆OPN与临床特征关联的方法上存在显著异质性。它们包括病例系列、病例对照、横断面和队列研究设计。OPN与较高的心血管风险和不良心血管结局相关。然而，使用SYNTAX或TIMI评分等工具直接评估CAD严重程度的证据（这些工具侧重于解剖复杂性和危险因素）不太明确。这表明OPN可能更精确地反映了导致不良结局的炎症过程和动脉粥样硬化活动，而不是CAD本身解剖严重程度的直接指标。因此，OPN越来越被视为预后不良的标志物，而不是评估冠状动脉病变严重程度的工具。
