Zhou Zhenya, Zhang Pian, Tan Peng, Chen Ruiyi, Hu Weihua, Wang Ligai, Zhang Yuming, Xu Dongdong
Fisheries College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China.
Key Laboratory of Mariculture and Enhancement, Zhejiang Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Zhoushan 316021, China.
Metabolites. 2025 Jan 17;15(1):63. doi: 10.3390/metabo15010063.
The inherent deficiency of phospholipids in limits its nutritional value as live prey for marine fish larvae. In our previous study, we optimized a phospholipid enrichment method by incubating nauplii with 10 g of soybean lecithin per m of seawater for 12 h, significantly enhancing their phospholipid content. : The present study evaluated the impact of this enrichment on yellow drum () larvae, focusing on growth performance, intestinal morphology, body composition, weaning success, and desiccation stress resistance. : The larvae (12 days post-hatching, dph) were fed either soybean lecithin-enriched (SL group) or newly hatched (NH group) nauplii for 10 days. : By the end of the experiment, the SL group exhibited a markedly greater body weight and standard length compared to the NH group ( < 0.05). This growth improvement was due to enhanced intestinal morphology, characterized by a significantly higher mucosal fold height, microvillus density, and microvillus length ( < 0.05). Intestinal RNA sequencing identified 160 upregulated and 447 downregulated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the SL group compared to the NH group. Soybean lecithin enrichment reduced the expression of lipogenesis-related genes (, , ) while upregulating lipid catabolism genes (, , ), indicating increased lipid breakdown and energy production. After a 5-day weaning period onto a commercial microdiet, the SL group continued to show significantly superior growth performance. In an afterward desiccation stress test, larvae from the SL group demonstrated significantly higher survival rates, potentially due to the decreased expression of intestinal cytokine genes (, , ) observed in the RNA-seq analysis. : This study highlights that feeding soybean lecithin-enriched nauplii enhances growth performance and desiccation stress in yellow drum larvae by promoting lipid catabolism, improving intestinal structure, and regulating immune responses.
[文中部分生物名称未给出中文，保留英文]中磷脂的内在缺陷限制了其作为海水鱼幼体活饵的营养价值。在我们之前的研究中，我们通过在每立方米海水中加入10克大豆卵磷脂孵育[生物名称]无节幼体12小时，优化了一种磷脂富集方法，显著提高了它们的磷脂含量。本研究评估了这种富集对黄姑鱼（[生物名称]）幼体的影响，重点关注生长性能、肠道形态、身体组成、断奶成功率和抗干燥应激能力。将幼体（孵化后12天，dph）喂食富含大豆卵磷脂的（SL组）或新孵化的（NH组）[生物名称]无节幼体10天。到实验结束时，SL组的体重和标准体长明显大于NH组（P<0.05）。这种生长改善归因于肠道形态的增强，其特征是粘膜褶皱高度、微绒毛密度和微绒毛长度显著更高（P<0.05）。肠道RNA测序确定，与NH组相比，SL组有160个上调和447个下调的差异表达基因（DEG）。大豆卵磷脂富集降低了脂肪生成相关基因（[基因名称]）的表达，同时上调了脂质分解代谢基因（[基因名称]），表明脂质分解增加和能量产生。在转为商业微饲料进行5天的断奶期后，SL组继续表现出显著优越的生长性能。在随后的干燥应激试验中，SL组的幼体表现出显著更高的存活率，这可能是由于RNA-seq分析中观察到的肠道细胞因子基因（[基因名称]）表达降低。本研究强调，喂食富含大豆卵磷脂的[生物名称]无节幼体可通过促进脂质分解代谢、改善肠道结构和调节免疫反应来提高黄姑鱼幼体的生长性能和抗干燥应激能力。
