Morshedi Vahid, Torfi Mozanzadeh Mansour, Noori Farzaneh, Agh Naser, Jafari Fatemeh, Hamedi Shirin, Azodi Maryam, Afshar Moghadam Reza, Eryalçın Kamil Mert
Department of Fisheries and Biology, Persian Gulf Research Institute, Persian Gulf University, Bushehr, Iran.
Department of Aquaculture, South Iran Aquaculture Research Centre, Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute (IFSRI), Agricultural Research Education and Extension organization (AREEO), Ahwaz, Iran.
Lipids. 2025 Mar;60(2):85-99. doi: 10.1002/lipd.12424. Epub 2024 Nov 18.
Phospholipid (PL) is an essential nutrient that has vital effects on growth, stress resistance, and early development in marine fish larvae. In this regard, a 30-day feeding experiment was conducted in order to examine the effects of live prey enrichment with graded levels of soy lecithin (SL) on some physiological responses of Acanthopagrus latus larvae. Four experimental emulsion levels of SL were used to enrich rotifer and Artemia including very low (2%, N-Nil), low (4%, L), medium (8%, M), and high (12%, H). Newly hatched larvae were distributed into 12,250-L cylindrical tanks with an initial density of 15,000 larvae in each tank that was supplied with natural seawater (23 ± 1°C; 40.0 ± 1.0 g L). Larvae fed live prey enriched with 4% SL significantly had higher wet weight gain than other treatments. Air exposure and osmotic activity tests were also performed to detect larval resistance to stress. Larvae fed live prey enriched with 8% and 12% SL had higher survival compared to the other two groups. The accumulation of arachidonic (ARA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) was increased in the whole body of larvae fed high SL-supplemented live prey. Alkaline phosphatase and aminopeptidase N activities in the guts brush border membrane of larvae in M and H groups were higher than other treatments. The trypsin and chymotrypsin activities in the N group were lower than in other groups. The highest and lowest amylase activities were in the H and N groups, respectively. The activity of catalase in the whole body of the M group was higher than the N group and the glutathione reductase activity was significantly increased in the M and L groups compared to the N and H groups. Total antioxidant capacity in the whole body of larvae in the N group was lower than in the other treatments. In summary, moderate levels of SL (4%-8%) are suggested for the enrichment of live prey in A. latus.
磷脂（PL）是一种必需营养素，对海水鱼幼体的生长、抗逆性和早期发育具有重要影响。在此方面，进行了一项为期30天的投喂实验，以研究用不同水平大豆卵磷脂（SL）强化活饵对尖吻鲈幼体某些生理反应的影响。使用四种实验性SL乳化水平来强化轮虫和卤虫，包括极低水平（2%，N-无添加）、低水平（4%，L）、中等水平（8%，M）和高水平（12%，H）。刚孵化的幼体被分配到12个250升的圆柱形水箱中，每个水箱初始密度为15000尾幼体，水箱供应天然海水（23±1°C；40.0±1.0克/升）。投喂用4% SL强化活饵的幼体的湿重增加显著高于其他处理组。还进行了空气暴露和渗透活性测试以检测幼体的抗逆性。与其他两组相比，投喂用8%和12% SL强化活饵的幼体存活率更高。在投喂高SL补充活饵的幼体全身中，花生四烯酸（ARA）和二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）的积累增加。M组和H组幼体肠道刷状缘膜中的碱性磷酸酶和氨肽酶N活性高于其他处理组。N组中的胰蛋白酶和糜蛋白酶活性低于其他组。淀粉酶活性最高和最低的分别是H组和N组。M组幼体全身的过氧化氢酶活性高于N组，与N组和H组相比，M组和L组的谷胱甘肽还原酶活性显著增加。N组幼体全身的总抗氧化能力低于其他处理组。总之，建议使用中等水平的SL（4%-8%）来强化尖吻鲈的活饵。
