Rajeb Mehdi, Krist Andrew T, Shi Qingzhou, Oyeniran Daniel O, Wind Stefanie A, Lakin Joni M
Department of Educational Studies in Psychology, Research Methodology, and Counseling, College of Education, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA.
Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA.
J Intell. 2024 Dec 30;13(1):2. doi: 10.3390/jintelligence13010002.
Mental rotation is an important aspect of spatial ability. While the importance of measuring mental rotation has been explored, disputes still exist within the literature surrounding sources of item difficulty in mental rotation tests (MRTs). Furthermore, gender differences in MRT performance are often seen but not fully understood. In the current study, we analyzed sources of item difficulty in a set of spatial ability test items using the Linear Logistic Test Model (LLTM). We found that items with more cubes, color differences, and higher rotational complexity tend to be more difficult, whereas items that contain occlusion, a mirrored structure, and a homogenous configuration type tend to be easier. Next, using Differential Component Functioning (DCF) analysis, we analyzed gender differences across these different item characteristics, finding that the number of cubes and color characteristics made questions more difficult for males when compared to females. The results and implications of this study are discussed in further detail.
心理旋转是空间能力的一个重要方面。虽然已经探讨了测量心理旋转的重要性，但围绕心理旋转测试（MRT）中项目难度来源的文献仍存在争议。此外，MRT表现中的性别差异经常可见，但尚未得到充分理解。在当前的研究中，我们使用线性逻辑测试模型（LLTM）分析了一组空间能力测试项目中项目难度的来源。我们发现，具有更多立方体、颜色差异和更高旋转复杂度的项目往往更难，而包含遮挡、镜像结构和同质配置类型的项目往往更容易。接下来，使用差异成分功能（DCF）分析，我们分析了这些不同项目特征之间的性别差异，发现与女性相比，立方体数量和颜色特征使男性回答问题更加困难。本研究的结果和意义将进一步详细讨论。
