Landi Lucia, D'Ortenzio Annamaria Lucrezia, Makau Sarah Mojela, De Miccolis Angelini Rita Milvia, Romanazzi Gianfranco
Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, Marche Polytechnic University, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, Italy.
Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield, Pretoria 0028, South Africa.
J Fungi (Basel). 2025 Jan 6;11(1):39. doi: 10.3390/jof11010039.
is the most common and destructive brown rot agent on peaches. Knowledge of gene expression mediating host-pathogen interaction is essential to manage fungal plant diseases. putative virulence factors have been predicted by genome investigations. The pathogen interaction with the host was validated. Five isolates were inoculated on two cultivars (cv.s) of peach ( (L.) Batsch) 'Royal Summer' and 'Messapia' with intermediate and late ripening periods, respectively. The expression pattern of 17 candidate effector genes of with functions linked to host invasion and fungal life, and seven peach genes involved in the immune defense system were monitored at 0, 2, 6, 10, and 24 h-post inoculation (hpi). All fungal isolates induced similar brown rot lesions on both cv.s whereas the modulation of effector genes was regulated mainly at 2, 6, and 10 hpi, when disease symptoms appeared on the fruit surface, confirming the involvement of effector genes in the early infection stage. Although differences were observed among the fungal isolates, the principal component investigation identified the main differences linked to the host genotype. The salicylic acid and jasmonate/ethylene signaling pathways were differently modulated in the host independent from the fungal isolate used for inoculation. On plants susceptible to brown rot, the pathogen may have adapted to the host's physiology by modulating its effectors as weapons.
是桃子上最常见且具破坏性的褐腐病菌。了解介导宿主 - 病原体相互作用的基因表达对于管理真菌性植物病害至关重要。通过基因组研究预测了假定的毒力因子。验证了病原体与宿主的相互作用。将五个分离株分别接种到桃子（(L.) Batsch）的两个品种‘皇家夏日’和‘梅萨皮亚’上，这两个品种分别处于中熟期和晚熟期。在接种后0、2、6、10和24小时（hpi）监测了17个与宿主入侵和真菌生活相关功能的候选效应基因以及七个参与免疫防御系统的桃子基因的表达模式。所有真菌分离株在两个品种上均诱导出相似的褐腐病斑，而效应基因的调节主要在2、6和10 hpi时进行，此时果实表面出现病害症状，证实了效应基因在早期感染阶段的作用。尽管在真菌分离株之间观察到差异，但主成分分析确定了与宿主基因型相关的主要差异。水杨酸和茉莉酸/乙烯信号通路在宿主中的调节方式不同，与用于接种的真菌分离株无关。在易患褐腐病的植物上，病原体可能通过调节其效应器作为武器来适应宿主的生理状态。
