Angeles-De Paz Gabriela, Cubero-Cardoso Juan, Pozo Clementina, Calvo Concepción, Aranda Elisabet, Robledo-Mahón Tatiana
Environmental Microbiology Group, Institute of Water Research, University of Granada, 18003 Granada, Spain.
Department of Microbiology, University of Granada, 18003 Granada, Spain.
J Fungi (Basel). 2025 Jan 16;11(1):67. doi: 10.3390/jof11010067.
A significant concentration of pharmaceuticals has been detected within composted sewage sludge. Their uncomplete removal and lack of monitoring during composting neglects their potentially toxic effects when used as a soil organic amendment. Previously, we successfully implemented a bioaugmentation-composting system focused on toxicity and pharmaceuticals' concentration reduction. This method, however, comprised a long inoculant-acclimatization period, making it an unprofitable technology. Hence, this work aimed to explore a shorter and yet effective composting process by simultaneously implementing the inoculation of a native microbial consortium and the fungus XD 3.1 in composting piles of sewage sludge and olive prunings. All the piles were subjected to frequent inoculation, windrow turning, and monitoring of the physicochemical and biological parameters. Additionally, both the bioaugmentation stability and pharmaceuticals degradation were evaluated through different analysis and removal rates calculations. One hundred days earlier than previous attempts, both bioaugmentation treatments achieved adequate composting conditions, maintained core native populations while improving the degrading microbial diversity, and achieved around 70-72% of pharmaceutical remotion. Nevertheless, only inoculation produced favorable toxicity results ideal for organic amendments (acute microtoxicity and phytotoxicity). Thus, a shorter but equally stable and effective degrading bioaugmentation-composting with was achieved here.
在堆肥化的污水污泥中检测到了高浓度的药物。它们在堆肥过程中未被完全去除且缺乏监测，忽视了其作为土壤有机改良剂时可能产生的毒性影响。此前，我们成功实施了一个以降低毒性和药物浓度为重点的生物强化堆肥系统。然而，该方法包括较长的接种剂驯化期，使其成为一种无利可图的技术。因此，这项工作旨在通过在污水污泥和橄榄修剪物的堆肥堆中同时接种本地微生物群落和真菌XD 3.1，探索一种更短但有效的堆肥过程。所有的堆肥堆都进行了频繁接种、翻堆以及理化和生物学参数的监测。此外，通过不同的分析和去除率计算对生物强化稳定性和药物降解进行了评估。比之前的尝试提前100天，两种生物强化处理都达到了适宜的堆肥条件，维持了核心本地种群，同时提高了降解微生物的多样性，并实现了约70 - 72%的药物去除率。然而，只有接种产生了有利于作为有机改良剂的毒性结果（急性微毒性和植物毒性）。因此，这里实现了一种更短但同样稳定且有效的降解生物强化堆肥。
