Zięba Katarzyna, Jagiełło Kacper, Musialik Joanna, Wierucki Łukasz, Hajduk Adam, Mossakowska Małgorzata, Chudek Jerzy
Department of Internal Medicine and Oncological Chemotherapy, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 40-029 Katowice, Poland.
Department of Preventive Medicine and Education, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland.
Vaccines (Basel). 2024 Dec 29;13(1):18. doi: 10.3390/vaccines13010018.
In Poland, a national hepatitis B (HBV) immunization program was introduced for neonates in 1996, and between 2000 and 2011, those born from 1986 to 1995 were vaccinated. Little is known about vaccination rates among adults born before 1986. This study aimed to determine the frequency of anti-HBs seropositivity rates related to vaccination and past HBV infection in older Poles.
The HBV serological status was analyzed in 5781 (96.6%) of the PolSenior2 population-based cohort (60+) by assessing serum seropositivity for HBs antigen, anti-HBs, and anti-HBc antibodies. The survey was performed in 2018-2019 and included medical and socio-economic questionnaires, anthropometric measurements, and comprehensive geriatric assessment.
Serological status implying past hepatitis B and serological profile consistent with anti-HBV vaccination corresponded to 15.2% (95% CI: 13.4-17.0) and 25.2% (95% CI: 23.4-27.0) prevalences, respectively. Female gender, living in a town or city, having better education, and suffering from coronary artery disease, or depression independently increased the rate of past hepatitis B. On the other hand, being 'white collar' and self-reliant, having the ability to use the Internet, and past surgical procedures in the last 5-year period were factors associated with a higher vaccination rate.
More than 15% of older adults in Poland present serological profiles suggesting past hepatitis B, and one-fourth anti-HBV vaccination. Being functionally independent, 'white collar', using the Internet, and having past surgical procedures are factors associated with a higher chance of being vaccinated. Nevertheless, a large group of older adults should be prophylactically vaccinated due to increased exposure to medical procedures.
在波兰,1996年开始为新生儿实施全国性乙肝(HBV)免疫计划,2000年至2011年期间,对1986年至1995年出生的人群进行了疫苗接种。对于1986年以前出生的成年人的疫苗接种率知之甚少。本研究旨在确定波兰老年人中与疫苗接种和既往HBV感染相关的抗-HBs血清阳性率的频率。
通过评估HBs抗原、抗-HBs和抗-HBc抗体的血清阳性率,对基于人群的PolSenior2队列(60岁以上)中的5781人(96.6%)的HBV血清学状态进行了分析。该调查于2018年至2019年进行,包括医疗和社会经济问卷、人体测量以及综合老年评估。
提示既往感染乙肝的血清学状态和与抗HBV疫苗接种一致的血清学特征的患病率分别为15.2%(95%CI:13.4-17.0)和25.2%(95%CI:23.4-27.0)。女性、居住在城镇、受过更好的教育、患有冠状动脉疾病或抑郁症独立增加了既往感染乙肝的发生率。另一方面,从事“白领”职业且经济独立、有使用互联网的能力以及过去5年内接受过外科手术是与较高疫苗接种率相关的因素。
波兰超过15%的老年人呈现提示既往感染乙肝的血清学特征,四分之一的人有抗HBV疫苗接种史。功能独立、从事“白领”职业、使用互联网以及过去接受过外科手术是与较高疫苗接种几率相关的因素。然而,由于接受医疗程序的机会增加,一大群老年人应接受预防性疫苗接种。