水疱性口炎病毒载体非洲猪瘟病毒疫苗激活树突状细胞免疫反应的分子机制

Molecular Mechanism of VSV-Vectored ASFV Vaccine Activating Immune Response in DCs.

作者信息

Ma Yunyun, Shao Junjun, Liu Wei, Gao Shandian, Zhou Guangqing, Qi Xuefeng, Chang Huiyun

机构信息

State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730030, China.

College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.

出版信息

Vet Sci. 2025 Jan 9;12(1):36. doi: 10.3390/vetsci12010036.

The vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV)-vectored African swine fever virus (ASFV) vaccine can induce efficient immune response, but the potential mechanism remains unsolved. In order to investigate the efficacy of recombinant viruses (VSV-p35, VSV-p72)-mediated dendritic cells (DCs) maturation and the mechanism of inducing T-cell immune response, the functional effects of recombinant viruses on DC activation and target antigens presentation were explored in this study. The results showed that surface-marked molecules (CD80, CD86, CD40, and MHC-II) and secreted cytokines (IL-4, TNF-α, IFN-γ) were highly expressed in the recombinant virus-infected DCs. In addition, the co-culture results of recombinant virus-treated DCs with naive T cells showed that the Th1- and Th17-type responses were effectively activated. Taken together, the study indicated that the VSV-vectored ASFV vaccine activated the maturation of DCs and the Th1- and Th17-type immune response, which provided a theoretical basis for the development of novel ASF vaccines.

水泡性口炎病毒（VSV）载体的非洲猪瘟病毒（ASFV）疫苗可诱导有效的免疫反应，但其潜在机制仍未解决。为了研究重组病毒（VSV-p35、VSV-p72）介导的树突状细胞（DCs）成熟的效果以及诱导T细胞免疫反应的机制，本研究探讨了重组病毒对DC激活和靶抗原呈递的功能作用。结果表明，在重组病毒感染的DCs中，表面标记分子（CD80、CD86、CD40和MHC-II）和分泌的细胞因子（IL-4、TNF-α、IFN-γ）高度表达。此外，重组病毒处理的DCs与初始T细胞的共培养结果表明，Th1型和Th17型反应被有效激活。综上所述，该研究表明VSV载体的ASFV疫苗激活了DCs的成熟以及Th1型和Th17型免疫反应，这为新型ASF疫苗的开发提供了理论依据。