Sarkodie Emmanuel Konadu, Li Kewei, Guo Ziwen, Yang Jiejie, Deng Yan, Shi Jiaxin, Peng Yulong, Jiang Yuli, Jiang Huidan, Liu Hongwei, Liang Yili, Yin Huaqun, Liu Xueduan, Jiang Luhua
School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China.
Key Laboratory of Biometallurgy of Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China.
Toxics. 2024 Dec 29;13(1):22. doi: 10.3390/toxics13010022.
Bioremediation is widely recognized as a promising and efficient approach for the elimination of Cd from contaminated paddy soils. However, the Cd removal efficacy achieved through this method remains unsatisfactory and is accompanied by a marginally higher cost. Cysteine has the potential to improve the bioleaching efficiency of Cd from soils and decrease the use cost since it is green, acidic and has a high Cd affinity. In this study, different combination modes of cysteine and microbial inoculant were designed to analyze their effects on Cd removal and the soil microbial community through the sequence extraction of Cd fraction and high-throughput sequencing. The results demonstrate that the mixture of cysteine and the microbial inoculant was the best mode for increasing the Cd removal efficiency. And a ratio of cysteine to microbial inoculant of 5 mg:2 mL in a 300 mL volume was the most economically efficient matching. The Cd removal rate increased by 7.7-15.1% in comparison with the microbial inoculant treatment. This could be ascribed to the enhanced removal rate of the exchangeable and carbonate-bound Cd, which achieved 94.6% and 96.1%, respectively. After the treatment, the contents of ammonium nitrogen (NH-N), total phosphorus (TP), available potassium (AK), and available phosphorus (AP) in the paddy soils were increased. The treatment of combinations of cysteine and microbial inoculant had an impact on the soil microbial diversity. The relative abundances of , , and were increased in the paddy soils. The microbial metabolic functions, such as replication and repair and amino acid metabolism, were also increased after treatment, which benefitted the microbial survival and adaptation to the environment. The removal of Cd was attributed to the solubilizing, complexing, and ion-exchanging effects of the cysteine, the intra- and extracellular adsorption, and the production of organic acids of functional microorganisms. Moreover, cysteine, as a carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur source, promoted the growth and metabolism of microorganisms to achieve the effect of the synergistic promotion of microbial Cd removal. Therefore, this study underscored the potential of cysteine to enhance the bioremediation performance in Cd-contaminated paddy soils, offering valuable theoretical and technical insights for this field.
生物修复被广泛认为是一种从受污染稻田土壤中去除镉的有前景且高效的方法。然而，通过这种方法实现的镉去除效果仍不尽人意，且成本略高。半胱氨酸具有提高土壤中镉生物淋滤效率并降低使用成本的潜力，因为它绿色、呈酸性且对镉具有高亲和力。在本研究中，设计了半胱氨酸与微生物接种剂的不同组合模式，通过镉组分的顺序提取和高通量测序来分析它们对镉去除和土壤微生物群落的影响。结果表明，半胱氨酸与微生物接种剂的混合物是提高镉去除效率的最佳模式。在300毫升体积中，半胱氨酸与微生物接种剂的比例为5毫克:2毫升是最经济高效的匹配。与微生物接种剂处理相比，镉去除率提高了7.7 - 15.1%。这可能归因于可交换态和碳酸盐结合态镉去除率的提高，分别达到了94.6%和96.1%。处理后，稻田土壤中铵态氮(NH-N)、总磷(TP)、速效钾(AK)和有效磷(AP)的含量增加。半胱氨酸与微生物接种剂组合处理对土壤微生物多样性有影响。稻田土壤中、和的相对丰度增加。处理后微生物的复制与修复以及氨基酸代谢等代谢功能也增强，这有利于微生物的存活和对环境的适应。镉的去除归因于半胱氨酸的溶解、络合和离子交换作用、功能微生物的胞内和胞外吸附以及有机酸的产生。此外，半胱氨酸作为碳、氮和硫源，促进了微生物的生长和代谢，从而实现了微生物去除镉的协同促进作用。因此，本研究强调了半胱氨酸在增强镉污染稻田土壤生物修复性能方面的潜力，为该领域提供了有价值的理论和技术见解。
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