Kubitza Jenny, Handtke Violet, Mächler Ruth, Teutsch Dagmar, Frick Eckhard
Dimens Crit Care Nurs. 2025;44(2):62-68. doi: 10.1097/DCC.0000000000000684.
Moral distress is highly prevalent among health care workers in intensive care in which spirituality has been identified both as a risk factor for moral distress and as a resource to mitigate it.
Considering these contradictory findings, this study examined why moral distress is perceived in different ways and to what extent spirituality influences the ability to cope with moral distress.
In a qualitative study in German-speaking countries, semistructured interviews were evaluated using thematic analysis and typology construction according to Stapley et al.
Between May and September 2022, a sample of 13 health care professionals (nurses, physicians, physiotherapists, respiratory therapists) from Germany and Austria was interviewed. Three types of spirituality among critical care staff are identified: (1) the religious type, (2) the dignity type, and (3) the instrumental type. Depending on the type of spirituality, intensive care providers experience moral distress differently and therefore require different resources to cope with moral distress.
Appropriate spiritual interventions are facilitated by respecting different spiritualities as potential resources for mitigating moral distress. This preliminary study permits the differentiation of types of spirituality in critical staff and of appropriate supporting interventions.
道德困扰在重症监护医护人员中极为普遍，其中精神性既被视为道德困扰的一个风险因素，也被视为缓解道德困扰的一种资源。
鉴于这些相互矛盾的研究结果，本研究探讨了为何对道德困扰有不同的认知，以及精神性在何种程度上影响应对道德困扰的能力。
在一项针对德语国家的定性研究中，根据斯塔普利等人的方法，采用主题分析和类型构建对半结构化访谈进行评估。
2022年5月至9月期间，对来自德国和奥地利的13名医护专业人员（护士、医生、物理治疗师、呼吸治疗师）进行了访谈。确定了重症监护人员中的三种精神性类型：（1）宗教型，（2）尊严型，（3）工具型。根据精神性类型的不同，重症监护提供者体验道德困扰的方式也不同，因此应对道德困扰需要不同的资源。
通过将不同的精神性视为缓解道德困扰的潜在资源，有助于实施适当的精神干预。这项初步研究有助于区分重症监护人员的精神性类型以及适当的支持性干预措施。
