Jama Saaid Said, Abdi Mohamed Mohamud
Faculty of Medicine, University of Health Sciences, Bosaso, Puntland, Somalia.
Administration Department, Ministry of Health (Puntland), Bosaso, Puntland, Somalia.
PLoS One. 2025 Jan 24;20(1):e0314693. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0314693. eCollection 2025.
Tuberculosis remains a major public health problem, primarily in low- and middle-income countries. Evaluating treatment outcomes and investigating factors associated with them are essential for the treatment and control of tuberculosis. Hence, this study aims to assess the TB treatment outcomes and associated factors in Bosaso, Puntland, Somalia.
A 5-year facility-based retrospective study was conducted at Bosaso TB Hospital, from January 2018 to December 2022. A total of 2213 TB patients were included in this study. Demographic, clinical characteristics and treatment outcome data were gathered from the TB register using a structured checklist. Data were entered, cleaned, and analyzed using SPSS version 20. Descriptive statistics and binary logistic regression analysis were employed. A P-value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
The overall successful treatment rate was 88.5%. The TB treatment success rate over the last three years was comparable to the global target of the End TB strategy of ≥ 90% by 2025. Patients aged 21-40 years (AOR = 0.59, 95% Cl = 0.41-0.84, p = 0.004), 41-60 years (AOR = 0.37, 95% CI = 0.25-0.55, p < 0.001), and ≥ 61 years (AOR = 0.37, 95% CI = 0.22-0.64, p < 0.001) were less likely to achieve successful treatment outcomes. Being HIV-positive (AOR = 0.41, 95% Cl = 0.21-0.79, p = 0.008) was less likely to be associated with a successful treatment outcome.
In this study, the TB treatment success rate over the last three years was comparable to the global target of the End-TB strategy of ≥ 90% by 2025. Therefore, we recommend strengthening the TB care system, conducting regular supportive supervision for TB facilities, implementing strategies to encourage drug adherence, strengthening mechanisms to minimize the anti-TB treatment default rate, improving counseling services, and giving more attention to the vulnerable age groups and HIV-positive patients.
结核病仍然是一个主要的公共卫生问题，主要集中在低收入和中等收入国家。评估治疗结果并调查与之相关的因素对于结核病的治疗和控制至关重要。因此，本研究旨在评估索马里邦特兰博萨索的结核病治疗结果及相关因素。
2018年1月至2022年12月，在博萨索结核病医院进行了一项为期5年的基于机构的回顾性研究。本研究共纳入2213例结核病患者。使用结构化清单从结核病登记册中收集人口统计学、临床特征和治疗结果数据。数据使用SPSS 20版本进行录入、清理和分析。采用描述性统计和二元逻辑回归分析。P值小于0.05被认为具有统计学意义。
总体成功治疗率为88.5%。过去三年的结核病治疗成功率与到2025年结核病防治策略全球目标≥90%相当。21至40岁的患者（调整后比值比[AOR]=0.59，95%置信区间[Cl]=0.41-0.84，p=0.004）、41至60岁的患者（AOR=0.37，95%CI=0.25-0.55，p<0.001）和61岁及以上的患者（AOR=0.37，95%CI=0.22-0.64，p<0.001）实现成功治疗结果的可能性较小。艾滋病毒呈阳性（AOR=0.41，95%Cl=0.21-0.79，p=0.008）与成功治疗结果的相关性较小。
在本研究中，过去三年的结核病治疗成功率与到2025年结核病防治策略全球目标≥90%相当。因此，我们建议加强结核病护理系统，对结核病机构进行定期支持性监督，实施鼓励药物依从性的策略，加强机制以尽量降低结核病治疗的违约率，改善咨询服务，并更多关注弱势群体和艾滋病毒呈阳性患者。
