中国四川癌症健康教育相关的问题与建议有哪些？一项关于社区卫生工作者的定性研究
What are the problems and suggestions related to cancer health education in Sichuan, China? A qualitative study of community health workers (CHWs).
作者信息
Yang Zhonghua, Wang Qingqing, Yi Fang, Zhang Linglin, Li Yuting, Rong Lilou, Wan Shaoping
机构信息
Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China.
School of Public Health, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, P. R. China.
出版信息
BMC Health Serv Res. 2025 Jan 24;25(1):136. doi: 10.1186/s12913-024-11835-x.
BACKGROUND
Health education conducted by community health workers (CHWs) is an evidence-based strategy for promoting cancer prevention, cancer screening, and adherence to medical guidance from doctors. However, CHWs are confronted with some problems related to cancer health education in China. This study aimed to clarify CHWs' awareness of problems in cancer health education in China and the solutions that they were considering to improve the quality and efficiency of cancer health education.
METHODS
A qualitative descriptive design with purposive sampling was applied in eight primary health care sectors in Guangyuan and Chengdu in Sichuan, China. Face-to-face, in-depth, semistructured interviews were conducted, and a total of 60 CHWs were interviewed. The interviews were transcribed verbatim and imported into Nvivo12.0. Thematic analysis using the constant comparative method was used to analyze the data.
RESULTS
Uncooperative inhabitants, poor organization, low-frequency provision, and inadequate training for CHWs were problems related to cancer health education provided by CHWs in China. CHWs proposed some suggestions to improve the accessibility and acceptability of cancer health education, including combining online and offline education, health education after screening, cancer plus others, health education in the workplace, and volunteer recruitment.
CONCLUSIONS
Both the problems and suggestions described in this study may provide evidence for cancer health education and policy-making related to cancer prevention and control in China.
背景
社区卫生工作者开展的健康教育是促进癌症预防、癌症筛查以及遵医嘱的循证策略。然而，中国的社区卫生工作者在癌症健康教育方面面临一些问题。本研究旨在明确中国社区卫生工作者对癌症健康教育问题的认识以及他们为提高癌症健康教育质量和效率所考虑的解决方案。
方法
在中国四川广元和成都的八个基层医疗卫生部门采用目的抽样的定性描述性设计。进行了面对面、深入的半结构化访谈，共访谈了60名社区卫生工作者。访谈内容逐字转录并导入Nvivo12.0。采用持续比较法进行主题分析以分析数据。
结果
居民不合作、组织不力、提供频率低以及社区卫生工作者培训不足是中国社区卫生工作者开展癌症健康教育存在的问题。社区卫生工作者提出了一些提高癌症健康教育可及性和可接受性的建议，包括线上线下教育相结合、筛查后健康教育、癌症与其他内容结合、职场健康教育以及招募志愿者。
结论
本研究中描述的问题和建议可为中国癌症预防控制相关的癌症健康教育和政策制定提供依据。
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