Zhao Yuan, Zhang Yu, Zhang Kai, Tian Jiashu, Teng Huanyu, Xu Zicheng, Xu Jiayang, Shao Huifang, Jia Wei
National Tobacco Cultivation and Physiology and Biochemistry Research Center, College of Tobacco Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
College of Resources and Environment, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
Biology (Basel). 2025 Jan 14;14(1):66. doi: 10.3390/biology14010066.
Molybdenum (Mo) is widely used as a micronutrient fertilizer to improve plant growth and soil quality. However, the interactions between cell wall biosynthesis and molybdenum have not been explored sufficiently. This study thoroughly investigated the regulatory effects of different concentrations of Mo on tobacco cell wall biosynthesis from physiological and metabolomic aspects. The results indicate that Mo treatment increased the Mo content of tobacco variety K326. Moreover, it significantly up-regulated the gene expression levels of molybdases (, , , ) and molybdate transporters in tobacco, whereby the gene expression levels of NR were upregulated by 28.48%, 52.51%, 173.05%, and 246.21%, respectively; and MOT1 and MOT2 were upregulated by 21.49/8.67%, 66.05/30.44%, 93.05/93.26%, and 166.11/114.29%, respectively. Additionally, Mo treatment regulated the synthesis of related enzymes, effectively promoted plant growth, and significantly increased biomass and dry matter accumulation, with the biomass in the leaves increasing significantly by 30.73%, 40.72%, 46.34%, and 12.88%, respectively. The FT-NIR spectroscopy results indicate that after Mo was applied to the soil, the quantity of C-O-C, -COOH, C-H, and N-H functional groups increased. Concurrently, the contents of cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, protopectin, and soluble pectin in the leaves significantly increased, wherein the content of soluble pectin and hemicellulose increased significantly by 31.01/288.82%, 40.69/343.43%, 69.93/241.73%, and 196.88/223.26%, respectively. Furthermore, the cell walls thickened, increasing the ability of the plant to withstand disturbances. The metabolic network diagrams indicate that Mo regulated galactose metabolism, and arginine and proline acid biosynthesis. The contents of carbohydrates, spermidine, proline, quinic acid, IAA, flavonoids, and other substances were increased, increasing the levels of polysaccharides and pectin within the cell wall, controlling lignin production, and successfully enhancing resistance to abiotic stress. These results offer important perspectives for further investigations into the role of trace elements.
钼（Mo）作为一种微量营养元素肥料被广泛用于促进植物生长和改善土壤质量。然而，细胞壁生物合成与钼之间的相互作用尚未得到充分研究。本研究从生理和代谢组学方面深入探究了不同浓度的钼对烟草细胞壁生物合成的调控作用。结果表明，钼处理提高了烟草品种K326的钼含量。此外，它显著上调了烟草中钼酶（、、、）和钼酸盐转运蛋白的基因表达水平，其中NR的基因表达水平分别上调了28.48%、52.51%、173.05%和246.21%；MOT1和MOT2分别上调了21.49/8.67%、66.05/30.44%、93.05/93.26%和166.11/114.29%。此外，钼处理调节了相关酶的合成，有效促进了植物生长，显著增加了生物量和干物质积累，叶片中的生物量分别显著增加了30.73%、40.72%、46.34%和12.88%。傅里叶变换近红外光谱（FT-NIR）结果表明，向土壤中施加钼后，C-O-C、-COOH、C-H和N-H官能团的数量增加。同时，叶片中纤维素、半纤维素、木质素、原果胶和可溶性果胶的含量显著增加，其中可溶性果胶和半纤维素的含量分别显著增加了31.01/288.82%、40.69/343.43%、69.93/241.73%和196.88/223.26%。此外，细胞壁增厚，增强了植物抵御干扰的能力。代谢网络图表明，钼调节了半乳糖代谢以及精氨酸和脯氨酸的生物合成。碳水化合物、亚精胺、脯氨酸、奎尼酸、吲哚乙酸、类黄酮等物质的含量增加，提高了细胞壁内多糖和果胶的水平，控制了木质素的产生，并成功增强了对非生物胁迫的抗性。这些结果为进一步研究微量元素的作用提供了重要视角。
