Hansson Anna-Lena, Johnsson Per, Eberhard Sophia, Ehnvall Anna, Lindström Sara, Waern Margda, Westrin Åsa
Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Skåne County, SE-22185 Lund, Sweden.
Department of Psychology, Lund University, SE-22362 Lund, Sweden.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2024 Dec 29;22(1):31. doi: 10.3390/ijerph22010031.
Suicide among children and young adults is a leading cause of mortality, highlighting the importance of the development of life-saving interventions. This study is part of the nationwide study Retrospective investigation of health care utilization of individuals who died by suicide in Sweden in 2015, Lund University, Sweden. The aim was to gain a better understanding of verbal suicidal communication and suicidal behaviour in children and young adults who die by suicide, to analyse gender and age differences, and to discuss the findings in relation to the prevailing psychological theories of suicidality. The study sample consisted of medical records from final health care consultations of 114 individuals up to 25 years, who died by suicide in Sweden a single year. Suicidal plans were documented in 13 percent of children and young adults. Females were more likely to have a notation of suicidal communication than males. Twenty-seven percent had made previous suicide attempts. Approximately 90 percent of the study cohort had contact with health care settings within 24 months prior to suicide. Questioning about suicidal plans appears to be an insufficient tool to assess suicidality in children and young adults. Clinical implications regarding alternative assessment methods and preventive measures are discussed.
儿童和青少年自杀是主要死因之一，凸显了开发挽救生命干预措施的重要性。本研究是瑞典隆德大学开展的一项全国性研究的一部分，该研究回顾性调查了2015年在瑞典自杀身亡者的医疗保健利用情况。目的是更好地了解自杀身亡的儿童和青少年的自杀言语交流及自杀行为，分析性别和年龄差异，并结合当前关于自杀倾向的心理学理论讨论研究结果。研究样本包括114名25岁及以下在瑞典某一年自杀身亡者最后一次医疗保健咨询的病历。13%的儿童和青少年记录有自杀计划。女性比男性更有可能有自杀交流记录。27%的人曾有过自杀未遂经历。研究队列中约90%的人在自杀前24个月内与医疗保健机构有过接触。询问自杀计划似乎不足以评估儿童和青少年的自杀倾向。文中讨论了有关替代评估方法和预防措施的临床意义。
