Wu Yuting, Zhang Yankang, Ni Wanlin, Li Qinghuang, Zhou Min, Li Zhou
College of Grassland Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
Int J Mol Sci. 2025 Jan 19;26(2):821. doi: 10.3390/ijms26020821.
As a crucial post-translational modification (PTM), protein ubiquitination mediates the breakdown of particular proteins, which plays a pivotal role in a large number of biological processes including plant growth, development, and stress response. The ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) consists of ubiquitin (Ub), ubiquitinase, deubiquitinating enzyme (DUB), and 26S proteasome mediates more than 80% of protein degradation for protein turnover in plants. For the ubiquitinases, including ubiquitin-activating enzyme (E1), ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme (E2), and ubiquitin ligase (E3), the FBK (F-box Kelch repeat protein) is an essential component of multi-subunit E3 ligase SCF (Skp1-Cullin 1-F-box) involved in the specific recognition of target proteins in the UPS. Many genes have been identified in different plant species, which regulates plant growth and development through affecting endogenous phytohormones as well as plant tolerance to various biotic and abiotic stresses associated with changes in secondary metabolites such as phenylpropanoid, phenolic acid, flavonoid, lignin, wax, etc. The review summarizes the significance of the ubiquitination modification of protein, the role of UPS in protein degradation, and the possible function of genes involved in plant growth, development, secondary metabolism, and stress response, which provides a systematic and comprehensive understanding of the mechanism of ubiquitination and potential function of in plant species.
作为一种关键的翻译后修饰（PTM），蛋白质泛素化介导特定蛋白质的降解，这在包括植物生长、发育和应激反应在内的大量生物学过程中起着关键作用。泛素-蛋白酶体系统（UPS）由泛素（Ub）、泛素酶、去泛素化酶（DUB）和26S蛋白酶体组成，介导植物中超过80%的蛋白质降解以进行蛋白质周转。对于泛素酶，包括泛素激活酶（E1）、泛素结合酶（E2）和泛素连接酶（E3），FBK（F-box Kelch重复蛋白）是多亚基E3连接酶SCF（Skp1-Cullin 1-F-box）的重要组成部分，参与UPS中靶蛋白的特异性识别。在不同植物物种中已鉴定出许多基因，这些基因通过影响内源植物激素以及植物对各种生物和非生物胁迫的耐受性来调节植物生长和发育，这些胁迫与苯丙烷类、酚酸、黄酮类、木质素、蜡等次生代谢产物的变化有关。本文综述总结了蛋白质泛素化修饰的意义、UPS在蛋白质降解中的作用以及参与植物生长、发育、次生代谢和应激反应的基因的可能功能，为系统全面地了解泛素化机制及其在植物物种中的潜在功能提供了依据。
