Pavlovič Anja, Janžič Larisa, Sršen Lucija, Kopitar Andreja Nataša, Edwards Kathleen F, Liebman Joel F, Ponikvar-Svet Maja
Department of Inorganic Chemistry and Technology, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Jožef Stefan International Postgraduate School, Jamova 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Molecules. 2025 Jan 17;30(2):389. doi: 10.3390/molecules30020389.
The importance of fluorine and aluminum in all aspects of daily life has led to an enormous increase in human exposure to these elements in their various forms. It is therefore important to understand the routes of exposure and to investigate and understand the potential toxicity. Of particular concern are aluminum-fluoride complexes (AlF), which are able to mimic the natural isostructural phosphate group and influence the activity of numerous essential phosphoryl transferases. Our review of salts of ionic AlF species, which plausibly form the framework of complexes with biomolecules, revealed that the octahedral configuration of aluminum in the active site of the enzyme is preferred over the trigonal-bipyramidal structure. The effects of varying concentrations of fluoride, aluminum and AlF-from micromolar to millimolar levels-on the viability and apoptosis rate of THP-1 monocytes were investigated using phosphate buffer solution as a culture media to simulate physiological conditions. Our results suggest that aluminum can reduce the direct toxicity of fluoride through the formation of AlF. In view of the results found, further in vitro studies are required to clarify the toxicity mechanisms of these species.
氟和铝在日常生活各方面的重要性导致人类接触这些元素的各种形式大幅增加。因此，了解接触途径并调查和了解潜在毒性很重要。特别令人关注的是氟化铝络合物（AlF），它们能够模拟天然的同构磷酸基团并影响众多重要磷酸转移酶的活性。我们对可能构成与生物分子络合物框架的离子型AlF物种盐的综述表明，酶活性位点中铝的八面体构型比三角双锥结构更受青睐。使用磷酸盐缓冲溶液作为培养基模拟生理条件，研究了从微摩尔到毫摩尔水平的不同浓度氟化物、铝和AlF对THP-1单核细胞活力和凋亡率的影响。我们的结果表明，铝可以通过形成AlF降低氟化物的直接毒性。鉴于所发现的结果，需要进一步的体外研究来阐明这些物种的毒性机制。
