Li Shu, Li Jia, Xing Jun, Li Ling, Wang Long, Wang Cai
School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China.
Polymers (Basel). 2025 Jan 10;17(2):162. doi: 10.3390/polym17020162.
The problem of antibiotic abuse and drug resistance is becoming increasingly serious. In recent years, polydopamine (PDA) nanoparticles have been recognized as a potential antimicrobial material for photothermal therapy (PTT) due to their excellent photothermal conversion efficiency and unique antimicrobial ability. PDA is capable of rapidly converting light energy into heat energy under near-infrared (NIR) light irradiation to kill bacteria efficiently. In order to solve the problem of PDA's tendency to aggregate and precipitate, this study improved its stability by grafting hyaluronic acid (HA) onto the surface of PDA. Using dopamine and hyaluronic acid as raw materials, hyaluronic acid (HA) was grafted onto polydopamine (PDA) nanoparticles via self-polymerization and Michael addition reactions under alkaline conditions to obtain PDA-HA-modified nanoparticles. We confirmed the successful grafting of hyaluronic acid via scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), nuclear magnetic hydrogen spectroscopy (¹H NMR), ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-vis), Raman spectroscopy (Raman), and dynamic light scattering (DLS) methods. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to observe the surface morphology and nanostructure of the grafted materials, providing information on the morphology and size distribution of the materials. Near-infrared performance experiments showed that the temperature of the PDA-HA solution increased rapidly under near-infrared light irradiation, demonstrating an excellent photothermal conversion performance. Antimicrobial properties were assessed via the colony counting method, and typical Gram-positive bacteria and Gram-negative bacteria were selected as model strains. The experimental groups were tested under dark conditions and near-infrared (NIR) light irradiation. PDA/HA showed significant photothermal properties under NIR light irradiation, resulting in a rapid increase in the surrounding temperature to a level sufficient to kill bacteria. Under NIR light irradiation, PDA/HA exhibited 100% antimicrobial efficacy against both and , while antimicrobial efficacy was limited under dark conditions. This indicates that the antibacterial activity of PDA/HA is highly dependent on NIR light activation.
抗生素滥用和耐药性问题日益严重。近年来，聚多巴胺（PDA）纳米颗粒因其优异的光热转换效率和独特的抗菌能力，被认为是一种用于光热疗法（PTT）的潜在抗菌材料。PDA能够在近红外（NIR）光照射下迅速将光能转化为热能，从而高效杀灭细菌。为了解决PDA易于聚集和沉淀的问题，本研究通过将透明质酸（HA）接枝到PDA表面来提高其稳定性。以多巴胺和透明质酸为原料，在碱性条件下通过自聚合和迈克尔加成反应将透明质酸（HA）接枝到聚多巴胺（PDA）纳米颗粒上，得到PDA-HA修饰的纳米颗粒。我们通过扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、傅里叶红外光谱（FTIR）、核磁共振氢谱（¹H NMR）、紫外可见光谱（UV-vis）、拉曼光谱（Raman）和动态光散射（DLS）方法证实了透明质酸的成功接枝。扫描电子显微镜（SEM）用于观察接枝材料的表面形态和纳米结构，提供有关材料形态和尺寸分布的信息。近红外性能实验表明，PDA-HA溶液在近红外光照射下温度迅速升高，表现出优异的光热转换性能。通过菌落计数法评估抗菌性能，并选择典型的革兰氏阳性菌和革兰氏阴性菌作为模型菌株。实验组在黑暗条件和近红外（NIR）光照射下进行测试。PDA/HA在近红外光照射下表现出显著的光热性能，导致周围温度迅速升高到足以杀死细菌的水平。在近红外光照射下，PDA/HA对两种菌均表现出100%的抗菌效果，而在黑暗条件下抗菌效果有限。这表明PDA/HA的抗菌活性高度依赖于近红外光激活。
