Bashmal Salem, Nazir Aamer, Khan Sikandar, Alofi Abdulrahman
Department of Mechanical Engineering, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia.
Interdisciplinary Research Center for Intelligent Manufacturing and Robotics, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia.
Polymers (Basel). 2025 Jan 18;17(2):237. doi: 10.3390/polym17020237.
Metamaterials are pushing the limits of traditional materials and are fascinating frontiers in scientific innovation. Mechanical metamaterials (MMs) are a category of metamaterials that display properties and performances that cannot be realized in conventional materials. Exploring the mechanical properties and various aspects of vibration and damping control is becoming a crucial research area. Their geometries have intricate features inspired by nature, which make them challenging to model and fabricate. The fabrication of MMs has become possible because of the emergence of additive manufacturing (AM) technology. Mechanical vibrations in engineering applications are common and depend on inertia, stiffness, damping, and external excitation. Vibration and damping control are important aspects of MM in vibrational environments and need to be enhanced and explored. This comprehensive review covers different vibration and damping control aspects of MMs fabricated using polymers and other engineering materials. Different morphological configurations of MMs are critically reviewed, covering crucial vibration aspects, including bandgap formation, energy absorption, and damping control to suppress, attenuate, isolate, and absorb vibrations. Bandgap formation using different MM configurations is presented and reviewed. Furthermore, studies on the energy dissipation and absorption of MMs are briefly discussed. In addition, the vibration damping of various lattice structures is reviewed along with their analytical modeling and experimental measurements. Finally, possible research gaps are highlighted, and a general systematic procedure to address these areas is suggested for future research. This review paper may lay a foundation for young researchers intending to start and pursue research on additive-manufactured MM lattice structures for vibration control applications.
超材料正在突破传统材料的极限，是科学创新中引人入胜的前沿领域。机械超材料（MMs）是一类超材料，具有传统材料无法实现的特性和性能。探索其力学性能以及振动和阻尼控制的各个方面正成为一个关键的研究领域。它们的几何形状具有受自然启发的复杂特征，这使得对其进行建模和制造具有挑战性。由于增材制造（AM）技术的出现，机械超材料的制造成为可能。工程应用中的机械振动很常见，并且取决于惯性、刚度、阻尼和外部激励。振动和阻尼控制是机械超材料在振动环境中的重要方面，需要加以改进和探索。这篇综述涵盖了使用聚合物和其他工程材料制造的机械超材料的不同振动和阻尼控制方面。对机械超材料的不同形态构型进行了批判性综述，涵盖了关键的振动方面，包括带隙形成、能量吸收以及抑制、衰减、隔离和吸收振动的阻尼控制。介绍并综述了使用不同机械超材料构型形成带隙的情况。此外，还简要讨论了机械超材料的能量耗散和吸收研究。此外，还综述了各种晶格结构的振动阻尼及其分析建模和实验测量。最后，突出了可能存在的研究空白，并为未来研究提出了处理这些领域的一般系统程序。这篇综述论文可能为有意开始并从事用于振动控制应用的增材制造机械超材料晶格结构研究的年轻研究人员奠定基础。
