Chen Yi, Oliveira Wellington S, Dias Fernanda F G, Ismail Baraem P
Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA.
Plants (Basel). 2025 Jan 18;14(2):274. doi: 10.3390/plants14020274.
Defatting dehulled hemp seeds is a crucial step prior to protein extraction. However, conventional methods rely on flammable solvents, posing significant health, safety, and environmental concerns. Additionally, hemp protein has poor extractability, challenging functionality, and flavor limitations, restricting its broader application in foods. Accordingly, a two-phase natural deep eutectic solvent (NADES)-assisted extraction was evaluated as a solvent-free alternative for co-extracting protein and oil from full-fat hemp flour. In comparison to the reference hemp protein isolate (R-HPI), produced from hexane-defatted flour following conventional alkaline extraction, NADES-extracted hemp protein isolate (N-HPI) had significantly higher protein extraction yield and purity. N-HPI exhibited enhanced surface charge, lower hydrophobicity, and thus higher solubility at an acidic pH compared to R-HPI. N-HPI had a higher abundance of edestin and lower levels of vicilin-like proteins, which contributed to superior gelation compared to R-HPI. N-HPI, compared to R-HPI, contained lower levels of lipid-derived off-flavor compounds, such as aldehydes, alcohols, and ketones. These findings highlighted, for the first time, the potential of a two-phase NADES-assisted extraction as a sustainable alternate and effective process for producing high-quality, functional hemp protein. The development of such a green process is an impetus for broadening the applications of hemp protein in food systems.
脱脂去壳大麻籽是蛋白质提取之前的关键步骤。然而，传统方法依赖易燃溶剂，带来了重大的健康、安全和环境问题。此外，大麻蛋白的提取率低、功能特性差且风味有限，限制了其在食品中的广泛应用。因此，评估了一种两相天然深共熔溶剂（NADES）辅助提取法，作为从全脂大麻粉中共提取蛋白质和油脂的无溶剂替代方法。与通过传统碱性提取法从己烷脱脂面粉中生产的参考大麻分离蛋白（R-HPI）相比，NADES提取的大麻分离蛋白（N-HPI）的蛋白质提取率和纯度显著更高。与R-HPI相比，N-HPI在酸性pH值下表现出更高的表面电荷、更低的疏水性，因此具有更高的溶解度。N-HPI中麻仁球蛋白的丰度更高，类豌豆球蛋白的水平更低，这使得其凝胶化性能优于R-HPI。与R-HPI相比，N-HPI中醛、醇和酮等脂质衍生异味化合物的含量更低。这些发现首次突出了两相NADES辅助提取作为一种可持续替代方法和有效工艺生产高质量功能性大麻蛋白的潜力。这种绿色工艺的开发是推动大麻蛋白在食品体系中扩大应用的动力。
