Oche Tsegaye Wolde, Kasahun Yigremachew
Wolaita Sodo University, School of Veterinary Medicine, P.O.Box: 138, Wolaita Sodo, Ethiopia.
Bedele Animal Health Diagnostic Center, Ethiopia.
Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis. 2025 Mar;117:102304. doi: 10.1016/j.cimid.2025.102304. Epub 2025 Jan 23.
African animal trypanosomosis (AAT) is one of the most serious diseases with ongoing detrimental effects on animal health and food production.
A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Bedele and Dedesa districts of Buno Bedele Zone, Southwest Ethiopia, to determine the prevalence of trypanosomosis and its vector distributions in small ruminants. Blood samples collected from a total of 384 small ruminants were examined for trypanosomosis via hematological analysis. For the tsetse distribution survey, 72 traps were deployed in the designated districts.
Among the small ruminants examined with hematological techniques (n = 384), 16 (8 sheep and 8 goats) were infected with trypanosomes. The overall prevalence of trypanosomosis was 4.17 %. Only two species of trypanosomes, namely, T. vivax and T. congolense, were observed in this study, with equal prevalence rates (2.08 %). The mean PCV ± SD of the parasitemic small ruminants (24.37 ± 5.66) was significantly lower than that of the aparasitemic (27.48 ± 4.38) small ruminants. A total of 369 flies were caught (Glossina tachinoides (74.5 %) and G. morsitans (25.5 %)), with an overall mean apparent density of 2.56 flies per trap per day.
Overall, these results indicate that this disease is prevalent in these animals, and maintaining their health may play a significant role in defending the disease's spread. Greater emphasis needs to be given to controlling this disease in these ruminants, and the role of these animals as carriers of the disease needs to be considered in future planning and strategies of African animal trypanosomosis control activities.
非洲动物锥虫病（AAT）是对动物健康和食品生产持续产生有害影响的最严重疾病之一。
在埃塞俄比亚西南部布诺贝德莱区的贝德莱和德德萨地区进行了一项横断面研究，以确定小型反刍动物中锥虫病的流行情况及其病媒分布。从总共384只小型反刍动物采集的血样通过血液学分析检测锥虫病。对于采采蝇分布调查，在指定地区部署了72个诱捕器。
在用血液学技术检查的小型反刍动物（n = 384）中，16只（8只绵羊和8只山羊）感染了锥虫。锥虫病的总体患病率为4.17%。本研究中仅观察到两种锥虫，即活泼锥虫和刚果锥虫，患病率相同（2.08%）。感染寄生虫的小型反刍动物的平均红细胞压积±标准差（24.37±5.66）显著低于未感染寄生虫的小型反刍动物（27.48±4.38）。共捕获369只苍蝇（嗜人采采蝇（74.5%）和刺舌采采蝇（25.5%）），每个诱捕器每天的总体平均表观密度为2.56只苍蝇。
总体而言，这些结果表明该疾病在这些动物中流行，保持它们的健康可能对抵御疾病传播起重要作用。需要更加重视控制这些反刍动物中的这种疾病，并且在非洲动物锥虫病控制活动的未来规划和战略中需要考虑这些动物作为疾病携带者的作用。
