Ramessur Vinaysing, Hunma Sadhna, Joonas Noorjehan, Ramessur Bibi Nasreen, Schutz Yves, Montani Jean-Pierre, Dulloo Abdul
Obesity Research Unit, Biochemistry Department, Central Health Laboratory, Victoria Hospital, Ministry of Health & Wellness, Plaines Wilhems, Mauritius.
Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism & Cardiovascular System, Faculty of Science & Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland.
Obes Facts. 2025;18(3):236-247. doi: 10.1159/000543332. Epub 2025 Jan 24.
There are controversies about whether women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) show a disproportionately higher visceral adiposity, and its relevance to their higher cardiometabolic risks. We investigated in women of Asian Indian descent in Mauritius, a population inherently prone to abdominal obesity, whether those with PCOS will show a more adverse cardiometabolic risk profile that could be explained by abnormalities in fat distribution.
Young women newly diagnosed with PCOS (n = 25) were compared with a reference control cohort (n = 139) for the following measurements made after an overnight fast: body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), body composition by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, and blood pressure and blood assays for glycemic (glucose, HbA1c, and insulin) and lipid (triglycerides and cholesterols) profiles.
Women with PCOS showed, on average, higher BMI, WC, fat mass and lean mass (p < 0.01) than controls, but linear regression analyses indicate that for the same BMI (or same WC), the two groups showed no significant differences in fat mass and lean mass. By contrast, linear regression plots indicate that for the same total fat mass, women with PCOS showed higher trunk, android, and visceral fat (p < 0.01); no difference in abdominal subcutaneous fat; and lower peripheral (gynoid or limb) fat (p < 0.05). Furthermore, women with PCOS showed higher fasting plasma insulin, insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index, and lower insulin sensitivity index (QUICKI) (all p < 0.001), which were completely or markedly abolished after adjusting for visceral fat or central-to-peripheral fat ratios.
In Mauritius, young women of Asian Indian descent with PCOS show altered fat distribution characterized by a disproportionately higher visceral (hazardous) adiposity in parallel to lower peripheral (protective) adiposity, which together explain their exacerbated state of hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance.
多囊卵巢综合征（PCOS）女性的内脏脂肪是否不成比例地更高，以及这与她们更高的心脏代谢风险的相关性存在争议。我们在毛里求斯具有亚洲印度裔血统的女性中进行了调查，这是一个天生易患腹部肥胖的人群，研究患有PCOS的女性是否会表现出更不利的心脏代谢风险特征，这可能由脂肪分布异常来解释。
将新诊断为PCOS的年轻女性（n = 25）与参考对照组（n = 139）进行比较，在禁食过夜后进行以下测量：体重指数（BMI）、腰围（WC）、通过双能X线吸收法测量的身体成分，以及血糖（葡萄糖、糖化血红蛋白和胰岛素）和血脂（甘油三酯和胆固醇）谱的血压和血液检测。
患有PCOS的女性平均而言，其BMI、WC、脂肪量和瘦体重均高于对照组（p < 0.01），但线性回归分析表明，对于相同的BMI（或相同的WC），两组在脂肪量和瘦体重方面无显著差异。相比之下，线性回归图表明，对于相同的总脂肪量，患有PCOS的女性躯干、男性化和内脏脂肪更高（p < 0.01）；腹部皮下脂肪无差异；外周（女性化或肢体）脂肪更低（p < 0.05）。此外，患有PCOS的女性空腹血浆胰岛素、胰岛素抵抗（HOMA-IR）指数更高，胰岛素敏感性指数（QUICKI）更低（均p < 0.001），在调整内脏脂肪或中心与外周脂肪比例后，这些指标完全或明显消除。
在毛里求斯，患有PCOS的亚洲印度裔年轻女性表现出脂肪分布改变，其特征是内脏（有害）脂肪不成比例地更高，同时外周（保护性）脂肪更低，这共同解释了她们高胰岛素血症和胰岛素抵抗的加剧状态。
