Stern P J, Neale H W, Carter W, MacMillan B G
Burns Incl Therm Inj. 1985 Feb;11(3):168-74. doi: 10.1016/0305-4179(85)90064-6.
Based on the position of the thumb metacarpal, 102 burned thumb contractures in children were classified into four categories: adduction, opposition, extension and flexion. The contractures were further classified as mild, moderate or severe, based on the amount of motion lost. All thumbs were surgically released. Coverage was obtained with local flaps or Z-plasties, skin grafts or a combination of local flaps and skin grafts. Factors influencing the results were as follows: Classification category: Extension contractures generally did poorly, whereas flexion contractures did well. Severity of contracture: The more severe the contracture, the worse the final results. Complexity of contracture: Contractures with a subluxated or dislocated joint did not do as well as those with undisturbed bony alignment. Type of surgical release: There was a trend towards better results when skin grafts (as opposed to local flaps) were used, especially in the treatment of moderate and severe contractures.
根据拇指掌骨的位置,将102例儿童烧伤后拇指挛缩分为四类:内收、对掌、伸直和屈曲。根据活动丧失程度,挛缩进一步分为轻度、中度或重度。所有拇指均接受手术松解。采用局部皮瓣或Z成形术、皮肤移植或局部皮瓣与皮肤移植相结合的方法进行覆盖。影响结果的因素如下:分类类别:伸直挛缩通常效果较差,而屈曲挛缩效果较好。挛缩的严重程度:挛缩越严重,最终结果越差。挛缩的复杂性:伴有关节半脱位或脱位的挛缩效果不如骨骼排列未受影响的挛缩。手术松解类型:使用皮肤移植(与局部皮瓣相对)时,尤其是在治疗中度和重度挛缩时,有取得更好结果的趋势。